Monitoring the development of resistance to the novel insecticide clothianidin in Anopheles gambiae

项目概要/摘要 尽管正在努力使疟疾控制干预措施多样化， 技术，如使用转基因蚊子来抑制或取代 野生病媒种群，杀虫剂仍然是战略的基石， 减少这种疾病的全球负担。特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲， 大规模部署长效驱虫蚊帐和室内残留杀虫剂， 喷洒药物在仅仅两个国家就大大降低了疟疾发病率， 几十年因此，目前杀虫剂抗性的发展 在病媒种群中观察到的这一现象被认为是一个非常严重的问题， 迅速破坏最近在疟疾控制方面取得的成果。为了保持 用于疟疾病媒控制的杀虫剂， 对当地人群易感性的充分了解， 比至关重要。我们的项目旨在研究抗 噻虫胺，一种新的杀虫剂，最近批准用于室内残留喷洒。到 为了实现我们的目标，我们将利用国际合作， 英国利物浦局部医学院传染病研究中心 喀麦隆以及名义上和国际伙伴直接 在喀麦隆参与抗击疟疾的工作。这一合作将促进 能力建设和技术转让，以促进国家- 最先进的基因组和功能基因组工具，以解决基础的 疟疾流行国家疟疾病媒对杀虫剂的抗药性。具体目标 本课题的主要内容是：1）监测安氏杆菌的易感性。冈比亚对噻虫胺 喀麦隆，2）评估在非洲大陆上抗药性的发展和建立， 噻虫胺选择的An.冈比亚，和3）确定遗传 对噻虫胺耐药的基因座。 !

Project Summary/Abstract Despite ongoing efforts to diversify malaria control interventions with new technologies such as the use of transgenic mosquitoes to suppress or replace wild vector populations, insecticides remain the cornerstone of strategies aimed at reducing the global burden of this disease. In sub-Saharan Africa in particular, the massive deployment of long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying has contributed to a significant reduction in malaria incidence in just two decades. For this reason, the development of insecticide resistance currently observed among vector populations is regarded as a very serious thread that can quickly undermine recent gains in malaria control. To preserve the effectiveness of insecticides used for malaria vector control, target interventions informed by sufficient knowledge of the susceptibility profile of local populations are more than crucial. Our project aims to study the development of resistance to clothianidin, a new insecticide recently approved for indoor residual spraying. To achieve our goal, we will capitalize on an international collaboration between Liverpool School of Topical Medicine in the UK, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases in Cameroon as well as notional and international partners directly involved in the fight against malaria in Cameroon. This collaboration will foster capacity building and transfer of technologies in order to promote the use state- of-the-art genomic and functional genomic tools to address the underpinnings of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors in endemic countries. The specific aims of our project are: 1) to monitor the susceptibility of An. gambiae to clothianidin in Cameroon, 2) to evaluate the development and establishment of resistance in clothianidin-selected populations of An. gambiae, and 3) to determine the genetic loci underlying resistance to clothianidin. !