BEHAVOIRAL MODULATION OF INFERIOR OLIVE RESPONSES

我们实验室研究的总体目标是理解信号 神经系统用来控制动作。我们是专门的 对运动感兴趣，一个结构的参与， 小脑，在引导和控制触觉。小脑 损伤虽然只会造成很小的认知缺陷，但会导致严重的 在做出准确、协调的伸展动作方面存在缺陷。我们的建议 是为了研究小脑的一种输入系统--爬行纤维 系统，以了解它提供给小脑的有关信息 动静。我们特别感兴趣的是电机信号如何修改 攀升纤维携带的信息，即输出如何影响 投入？ 我们已经开发了一种猫的触觉范例，它允许我们记录 来自劣质橄榄，攀援纤维系统的来源，而 猫伸手抓住杠杆，端上鳕鱼肝鸡泥。 油，猫咪最喜欢的食物。在杠杆回收过程中， 在伺服电机中引入了手臂的摄动。猫咪们 迅速学会适应摄取食物的干扰。我们是 对攀爬纤维系统的性能感兴趣 调整期。其他实验将在急性期内进行。 麻醉准备以确定负责攀登的回路 纤维响应性改性。 随着技术的进步，人们对机器人和 假肢装置。尽管我们并不觉得模仿小脑 行动完全可以在可预见的未来完成，这是相当可观的 可能是神经衰弱的人所采用的运动控制的总体方案 该系统在开发高效的机器人设备方面将是有价值的。不是 机器可以像伸手一样顺畅或准确地伸手抓住物体 人类，这是机器人学的基本目标。它也是世界上 瘫痪的人类最需要的动作。 我们的研究的另一个可能的应用是神经外科。我们是 位于神经学研究所，并与神经外科医生互动 在手术室遇到的实际问题。我们最近做了 与桑塔格和帕帕斯博士一起完成了贝尔十字交叉的解剖学研究 帕尔西，一种选择性上肢瘫痪。有一些建议 根据那项工作，瘫痪是由于小脑的分裂所致 由这一提议研究的电路。

The overall goal of our laboratory research is to understand the signals that the nervous system uses to control movements. We are specifically interested in reaching movements, and the participation of one structure, the cerebellum, in the guidance and control of reaching. Cerebellar damage, although causing little cognitive deficits, results in severe deficits in making accurate coordinated reaching movements. Our proposal is to study one of the input systems to the cerebellum, the climbing fiber system, to understand information that it supplies to the cerebellum about movements. We are specifically interested in how motor signals modify the information carried by the climbing fibers, that is, how does output affect input? We have developed a reaching paradigm for cats, that allows us to record from the inferior olive, the source of the climbing fiber system, while the cats reach out to grasp a lever to receive pureed chicken with cod liver oil, a high preference food for cats. During the lever retrieval small perturbations of the arm are introduced with a servo motor. The cats quickly learn to adjust to the perturbation to receive the food. We are interested in the performance of the climbing fiber system during the period of adjustment. Other experiments will be performed in acute anesthetized preparations to define the circuitry responsible for climbing fiber response modification. With advances in technology, there has been much interest in robotics and prosthetic devices. Although we don't feel that mimicking cerebellar action exactly could be accomplished in the foreseeable future, it is quite possible that the overall scheme of motor control used by the nervous system will be valuable in developing efficient robotic devices. No machine can reach out and grasp an object as smoothly or accurately as a human, and this is a basic goal of robotics. It is also one of the movements most needed by paralyzed humans. Another possible application of our research is in neurosurgery. We are located at a Neurological Institute and interact with neurosurgeons on practical problems encountered in the operating room. We have recently completed anatomical work with Drs. Sonntag and Pappas on Bell's Cruciate Palsey, a selective paralysis of the upper limbs. There are suggestions from that work that the paralysis is due to disruption of the cerebellar circuits studied by this proposal.