Effects of Changing Demographic Trends on Later-Life Health

人口统计趋势变化对晚年健康的影响

• 批准号: 7733664
• 负责人: Leighton Chan
• 金额: $ 1.1万
• 依托单位: CLINICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7733664
• 关键词: Adult; Adult Children; Affect; Aging; Behavior; Childhood; Cognitive; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Data Analyses; Daughter; Disease regression; Elderly; Family; Family member; Fertility; Gender; Health; Hour; Household; Husband; Individual; Labor Forces; Life Cycle Stages; Life Expectancy; Literature; Manuscripts; Mental Depression; Methods; Parents; Play; Population; Publications; Quality of life; Rate; Research; Resource Allocation; Resources; Retirement; Role; Shapes; Siblings; Social Policies; Spouses; Statistical Models; Structure; Surveys; Time; Wages; Widowhood; Work; aging population; base; caregiving; cohort; comparative; experience; family structure; instrumental activity of daily living; labor force participation; middle age; mortality; simulation; social; symposium; trend

Among the four sub-projects proposed above, the first study, The Impact of Labor Force Participation and Family Structure on Adult Childrens Provision of Care-giving to Their Elderly Parents commenced in July 2008. The research plan and data analysis were completed September 5, 2008, and a manuscript is presently being prepared for conference presentation and publication. The overarching hypothesis for the first sub-study is that macro-level labor force structure will extend its impact into individual household units affecting family care-giving dynamics. Non-work-related factors, such as kin hierarchy, resource competition among family members, as well as parental needs, also shape the household resource allocation decisions. Using data from the 2006 Health and Retirement Study, this first sub-study reveals that adult daughters spend significantly greater amount of time than adult sons helping their parents with ADL and IADL needs. Analyses based on the econometrics (multivariate Tobit regressions) and simulation methods further demonstrate that adult children with higher wage rates and longer weekly work hours give fewer hours of ADL and IADL time transfers to their parents. Nevertheless, there is no clear indication the labor force structure influences adult sons and daughters transfer behaviors in a different manner. Kin hierarchy has an impact on the family transfer dynamics. Controlling for key variables, siblings play a substitution role in adult childrens transfer practices, whereas spouses provide supplementary assistance to adult childrens transfers. Resource competition for adult childrens time does exist between adult childrens spouses and parents. Finally, all else being equal, the division of transfers within married dyads is parallel to the husbands and wifes comparative advantages in the labor force. There are substantial social and policy implications associated with gendered care-giving disparity and this research will contribute to the current literature.

在上述四个子项目中，第一个研究“劳动力参与和家庭结构对成年子女照顾年老父母的影响”于2008年7月开始。研究计划和数据分析已于2008年9月5日完成，目前正在准备手稿以供会议提交和出版。第一个子研究的总体假设是，宏观劳动力结构将其影响扩展到影响家庭照料动态的单个家庭单位。非工作相关因素，如亲属等级、家庭成员之间的资源竞争以及父母的需求，也会影响家庭资源分配决策。 利用 2006 年健康与退休研究的数据，第一项子研究表明，成年女儿比成年儿子花更多的时间帮助父母满足 ADL 和 IADL 需求。基于计量经济学（多元托比特回归）和模拟方法的分析进一步表明，工资率较高、每周工作时间较长的成年子女向父母转移的 ADL 和 IADL 时间较少。然而，没有明确的迹象表明劳动力结构以不同的方式影响成年子女的转移行为。亲属等级制度对家庭转移动态有影响。在控制关键变量的情况下，兄弟姐妹在成年子女的转移实践中发挥替代作用，而配偶则为成年子女的转移提供补充帮助。成年子女的配偶和父母之间确实存在对成年子女时间的资源竞争。最后，在其他条件相同的情况下，已婚夫妇内部的转移分配与丈夫和妻子在劳动力方面的比较优势是平行的。 性别护理差异会产生重大的社会和政策影响，这项研究将为当前的文献做出贡献。