Midgut Bacteria in Aedes aegypti and Vector Competence

埃及伊蚊的中肠细菌和媒介能力

• 批准号: 7627063
• 负责人: DAVID W SEVERSON
• 金额: $ 3.79万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-05-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7627063
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Aedes; Affect; Antibiotics; Appointment; Area; Arthropod Vectors; Arthropods; Award; Bacteria; Base Sequence; Biology; Biotechnology; Body Size; Cell Culture Techniques; Cessation of life; Collaborations; Communities; Competence; Complementary DNA; Containment; Culicidae; Data; Dengue; Dengue Virus; Development; Exposure to; Facility Designs; Female; Fertility; Funding; Future; Gene Expression; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Markers; Genomics; Genotype; Goals; Grant; Growth; Haiti; Human; Human Characteristics; Human Resources; Incidence; India; Individual; Infection; Insecta; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Life Cycle Stages; Longevity; Microarray Analysis; Microbe; Microbiology; Midgut; Molecular; Molecular Biology; Molecular Genetics; Mosquito Control; Natural Selections; Organism; Pattern; Phenotype; Play; Population; Population Dynamics; Population Genetics; Population Replacements; Predisposition; Prevention; Process; Reaction; Refractory; Relative (related person); Research; Research Project Grants; Ribosomal RNA; Role; Serotyping; Structure; Techniques; Technology; Time; Tissue-Specific Gene Expression; Training; Trinidad; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vaccines; Viral; Virus; Virus Diseases; Work; base; design; disease transmission; disorder control; disorder prevention; experience; fitness; genome sequencing; interest; laboratory facility; life history; microbial; microbial community; novel; oral infection; parent grant; pathogen; prevent; public health relevance; rRNA Genes; research study; response; trait; transmission process; vector; vector mosquito

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dengue is the most important arthropod-borne viral disease in the world. No effective vaccines are available and mosquito control remains the only prevention option. Transmission of dengue virus to a human host is totally dependent upon availability of a competent mosquito vector, usually Aedes aegypti. It is well known that microbes in the insect gut play a very important role in the biology of insects, and can influence growth of some insect pathogens. Considerable effort is being directed toward applying transgenesis technology to arthropod-borne disease control, with an emphasis on population replacement. A major focus is to use these techniques to generate mosquitoes that carry genes that disrupt their ability to transmit pathogens. Another possibility is paratransgenesis, wherein bacteria capable of colonizing the mosquito midgut would be used to carry and express anti-pathogen effector genes and thereby prevent disease transmission to humans by the mosquito. The present knowledge on normal midgut bacterial flora in Ae. aegypti and the potential effects on fitness is limited. The long-term objectives of this project are to develop an understanding of the interrelationships between Ae. aegypti populations and their natural midgut bacterial flora. This research will be done primarily in India at Pune University in collaboration with Dr. Yogesh Shouche, as an extention of NIH Grant No. RO1-AI059342. The specific aim of this project is to: Investigate the role of midgut bacteria on fitness in Ae. aegypti. This includes efforts to: 1) compare midgut bacterial flora of adult Ae. aegypti in laboratory strains and field isolates, 2) examine the impact of midgut bacteria on Ae. aegypti life history traits, and 3) determine the effect of midgut bacteria on dengue virus susceptibility in Ae. aegypti. Bacterial identity will be determined by amplification and sequencing of the 12S and 16S rRNA genes from both culturable bacteria and total midgut contents, which will include unculturable species. The impact of midgut bacteria on fitness will be examined among antibiotic treated adults for several life history traits including development time, adult body size, bloodmeal size, fecundity, fertility, and adult longevity. Dengue virus susceptibility of females from dengue refractory and susceptible Ae. aegypti colonies will be compared among normal and antibiotic treated individuals. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Dengue is a threat to >2.5 billion people, with estimates of 50 million cases of dengue fever and ~24,000 deaths due to the more severe hemorrhagic form each year. No vaccines are available and disease prevention is dependent on controlling the mosquito vector, primarily Aedes aegypti. The proposed research will provide valuable new information regarding the influence of midgut bacteria on the biology of the mosquito, including the ability to support and transmit the dengue virus to humans.

描述（由申请人提供）：登革热是世界上最重要的节肢动物传播的病毒性疾病。没有有效的疫苗，控制蚊子仍然是唯一的预防选择。登革病毒向人类宿主的传播完全取决于是否有合格的蚊子媒介，通常是埃及伊蚊。昆虫肠道中的微生物在昆虫生物学中起着非常重要的作用，并且可以影响一些昆虫病原体的生长。目前正在做出相当大的努力，将转基因技术应用于虫媒疾病控制，重点是种群更替。一个主要的焦点是使用这些技术来产生携带基因的蚊子，这些基因破坏了它们传播病原体的能力。另一种可能性是副转基因，其中能够定殖在蚊子中肠的细菌将被用于携带和表达抗病原体效应基因，从而防止疾病通过蚊子传播给人类。本文综述了目前对山羊中肠正常植物群的认识。埃及和健身的潜在影响是有限的。该项目的长期目标是发展Ae之间的相互关系的理解。埃及种群及其天然中肠细菌植物群。这项研究将主要在印度浦那大学与Yogesh Shouche博士合作完成，作为NIH批准号RO 1-AI 059342的延伸。本项目的具体目标是：调查中肠细菌在Ae健身中的作用。埃及人。这包括努力：1）比较中肠细菌植物群的成年Ae。实验室菌株和田间分离株中的埃及伊蚊，2）检查中肠细菌对埃及伊蚊的影响。埃及伊蚊生活史特征，3）确定中肠细菌对登革热病毒易感性的影响。埃及人。将通过对可培养细菌和总中肠内容物（包括不可培养菌种）的12 S和16 S rRNA基因进行扩增和测序来确定细菌鉴别。将在抗生素治疗的成虫中检查中肠细菌对适应性的影响，包括发育时间、成虫体型、血粉大小、繁殖力、生育力和成虫寿命。登革难治性和易感性Ae.埃及伊蚊菌落将在正常和抗生素治疗的个体中进行比较。公共卫生关系：登革热对超过25亿人构成威胁，估计每年有5000万例登革热病例，约24，000人因更严重的出血形式而死亡。没有疫苗可用，疾病预防依赖于控制蚊子媒介，主要是埃及伊蚊。这项研究将提供有关中肠细菌对蚊子生物学影响的有价值的新信息，包括支持和传播登革热病毒给人类的能力。