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Dietary carbohydrate & glycemic index effects on oxidation & inflammation

膳食碳水化合物

基本信息

批准号：
7800880
负责人：
Edgar Raymond Miller
金额：
$ 15.61万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-04-10 至 2013-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7800880
关键词：
Address Adult Antibodies Antigen-Antibody Complex Antioxidants Atherosclerosis Biological Markers Blood Pressure C-reactive protein Carbohydrates Consumption Cross-Over Studies Diet Diet Modification Dietary Carbohydrates Dietary Practices Enrollment Fatty acid glycerol esters Glycemic Index Hypertension Hypotension Inflammation Insulin Intake Interleukin-1 Interleukin-6 Isoprostanes Lipid Peroxidation Lipids Low Density Lipoprotein oxidation Macronutrients Nutrition Measurement Measures Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins Outcome Oxidative Stress Parents Participant Pathogenesis Peptides Principal Investigator Process Proteins Randomized Reactive Oxygen Species Research Personnel Risk Risk Factors Risk Reduction Serum Staging Universities Urine abstracting in vivo inflammatory marker insight insulin sensitivity oral glucose tolerance oxidation oxidized low density lipoprotein post gamma-globulins public health relevance

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The direct relationship between traditional CVD risk factors and risk of atherosclerosis is well established. Dietary modifications which lower blood pressure and lipids provide a likely explanation for much of the risk reduction. However, oxidative stress, including oxidation of LDL-c (oxLDL) appears to be an important, if not obligatory step in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and may accelerate this process which is marked by inflamation (Steinberg, 1989). Measurement of inflammation and oxidative stress using serum and urine biomarkers may offer insight into mechanisms of CVD risk reduction beyond that which is predicted by lipids or other CVD risk factors alone. In this application we propose to measure the effects of dietary patterns that vary the type (high and low glycemic index) and the amount of carbohydrate in the diet (high carbohydrate and low carbohydrate) on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress. This study will be conducted within the setting of the OMNI-CARB trial (Optimal Macronutrient Intake and Carbohydrates)- a randomized cross over trial of 160 adults with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension enrolling participants between 2008 and 2011 at Johns Hopkins and Harvard. The applicant is a co-investigator and this application has the full support and approval of the Principal Investigator (Frank Sacks, Harvard University). The primary aim of the OMNI-CARB study is to address the efficacy, separate and combined, of reducing carbohydrate from a high level (58% kcal) to a low level (43% kcal) and of lowering the glycemic index from a high level (glycemic index>85) to a low level (glycemic index<55) on the major established diet-related CVD risk factors, as well as insulin sensitivity. Measurement of biomarkers reflective of oxidative stress and inflammation are particularly relevant outcomes in this trial since modifying the glycemic index within a fixed macronutrients diet (carbohydrate, protein and fats held constant) is expected to results in only modest effects on serum lipids and other traditional CVD risk factors (blood pressure). We hypothesize that consumption of a fixed "low carbohydrate diet" and "low glycemic index" diet will decrease oxidative stress and inflammation compared with consumption an isocaloric "high carbohydrate" diet and "high glycemic index" diet. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: In this application we propose to measure the effects of dietary patterns that vary the type (high and low glycemic index) and the amount of carbohydrate in the diet (high carbohydrate and low carbohydrate) on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress. This study will be conducted within the setting of the OMNI-CARB trial (Optimal Macronutrient Intake and Carbohydrates)- a randomized cross over trial of 160 adults with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension enrolling participants between 2008 and 2011 at Johns Hopkins and Harvard. We hypothesize that consumption of a fixed "low carbohydrate diet" and "low glycemic index" diet will decrease oxidative stress and inflammation compared with consumption an isocaloric "high carbohydrate" diet and "high glycemic index" diet. (End of Abstract)

描述（由申请人提供）：