Improvements in 3D Visualization for Vision Research

视觉研究 3D 可视化的改进

• 批准号: 7922276
• 负责人: MARTIN S BANKS
• 金额: $ 11.37万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-15 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7922276
• 关键词: Affect; Asthenopia; Complex; Conflict (Psychology); Cues; Data; Depth Perception; Development; Devices; Distance Perception; Evaluation; Fatigue; Fiber; Funding; Goals; Grant; Image; Imagery; Literature; Measures; Medical; Medical Imaging; Methods; Miniaturization; Modeling; Motion; Operative Surgical Procedures; Optics; Perception; Presbyopia; Relative (related person); Research; Role; Shapes; Side; Signal Transduction; Simulate; Size Perception; Specific qualifier value; Structure; Techniques; Technology; Time; Training; Variant; Vision research; base; impression; lens; minimally invasive; public health relevance; stereoscopic; three dimensional structure; virtual; virtual reality; visual information

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Three-dimensional (3d) displays have become very important for many applications including vision research, operation of remote devices, medical imaging, surgical training, scientific visualization, virtual prototyping, and more. It is important in these applications for the graphic image to create a faithful impression of the 3d structure of the object or scene being portrayed. Unfortunately, 3d displays often yield less perceived depth or even distorted percepts compared with real scenes. Additionally, the uncoupling of vergence and accommodation required by 3d displays frequently causes viewer discomfort and fatigue. We received four years of funding to investigate these problems with conventional 3d displays and to develop new displays to minimize those problems. We achieved all of the stated goals and now seek funding to continue the technical development of the display and to use it to conduct basic and applied vision research. There are five Specific Aims. 1. Continue the construction, development, and evaluation of multi-plane 3d displays using the switchable lens technology developed in the first grant period. 2. Investigate how blur and accommodation affect stereopsis. Examine how the ability to binocularly fuse and interpret complex images is affected by the correlation between disparity-specified depth and blur and accommodative signals. Investigate the role of blur and accommodation in the perceived distortions observed with stereoscopic photographs and cinema. Develop more accurate models of these phenomena based on the experimental results. 3. Investigate the role of blur and accommodative signals in the perception of size and distance. Examine how the orientation of the blur gradient relative to the depth gradient affects the so-called tilt-shift miniaturization effect. Examine how variation in blur relative to local depth variations and how active accommodation affect size and distance perception. 4. Re-examine some well-known effects in the structure-from-motion and shape-from-shading literatures to determine if they are caused in part by conflicting blur and accommodative information. If they are, develop more accurate models of these phenomena based on the experimental results. 5. Evaluate the benefits of providing stereoscopic and near-correct focus cues in a medical-imaging application. Assess the ability to track fibers in white-mater tracts from DTI data using 2d, conventional 3d, and multi-plane 3d displays. Measure perceptual accuracy, time required, and visual fatigue and discomfort in the three types of displays. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE The proposed research will investigate the perception of displayed visual information. It involves the construction and evaluation of new display technology, optics techniques, and graphics methods. All of these technical developments will be useful in creating three-dimensional displays with near-correct focus cues which would allow the users of virtual reality to see the 3d structure of simulated scenes more correctly. This would have clear benefit for many uses of virtual reality such as medical imaging, minimally invasive surgery, telesurgery, medical training, and scientific visualization. This may also yield side benefits such as correction for presbyopia.

描述（由申请人提供）：三维（3d）显示器对于包括视觉研究、远程设备的操作、医学成像、外科手术训练、科学可视化、虚拟原型等的许多应用已经变得非常重要。在这些应用中，重要的是图形图像创建被描绘的对象或场景的3d结构的忠实印象。不幸的是，与真实的场景相比，3d显示器通常产生较少的感知深度或甚至失真的感知。另外，3d显示器所需的聚散度和调节的解耦经常引起观看者的不适和疲劳。我们获得了四年的资金，用于研究传统3d显示器的这些问题，并开发新的显示器来最大限度地减少这些问题。我们实现了所有既定目标，现在正在寻求资金，以继续显示器的技术开发，并利用它进行基础和应用视觉研究。有五个具体目标。1.利用第一补助期开发之可切换透镜技术，继续多平面立体显示器之建构、开发与评估。2.研究模糊和调节如何影响立体视觉。检查双目融合和解释复杂图像的能力如何受到清晰度指定的深度和模糊与模糊信号之间的相关性的影响。研究模糊和调节在立体照片和电影中观察到的感知失真中的作用。根据实验结果开发更精确的模型。3.研究模糊和模糊信号在感知大小和距离中的作用。检查模糊梯度相对于深度梯度的方向如何影响所谓的倾斜偏移小型化效果。检查模糊的变化如何相对于局部深度变化以及主动调节如何影响大小和距离感知。4.重新检查运动恢复结构和阴影恢复形状文献中的一些众所周知的效应，以确定它们是否部分由冲突的模糊和重叠信息引起。如果是，根据实验结果开发更准确的模型。5.评估在医学成像应用中提供立体和接近正确的聚焦提示的好处。评估使用2D、传统3D和多平面3D显示器从DTI数据跟踪白质纤维束的能力。测量这三种类型显示器的感知准确性、所需时间以及视觉疲劳和不适。公共卫生相关性拟议的研究将调查显示的视觉信息的感知。它涉及新的显示技术，光学技术和图形方法的构建和评估。所有这些技术的发展将有助于创造具有接近正确聚焦提示的三维显示，这将允许虚拟现实的用户更正确地看到模拟场景的3d结构。这对于虚拟现实的许多用途都有明显的好处，例如医学成像，微创手术，外科手术，医疗培训和科学可视化。这也可能产生副作用，如矫正老花眼。