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A New Approach to Restoring Visual Acuity and Stereopsis in Adults with Amblyopia

恢复成人弱视患者视力和立体视觉的新方法

基本信息

批准号：
10047179
负责人：
MARTIN S BANKS
金额：
$ 18.87万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-09-01 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10047179
关键词：
3-Dimensional Adult Amblyopia Anisometropia Behavior Career Choice Categories Child Clinical Clinical Trials Computer software Contrast Sensitivity Cues Data Depth Perception Educational process of instructing Eye Future Goals Grant Immersion Impairment Individual Intervention Life Measures Methods Modeling Neuronal Plasticity Outcome Measure Output Patients Perceptual learning Performance Pilot Projects Play Population Positioning Attribute Psychological Transfer Psychophysics Quality of life Recovery Refractive Errors Research Rewards Role Secondary to Services Signal Transduction Software Design Stimulus Strabismus System Technology Testing Training Training Programs Video Games Vision Visual Visual Acuity Work base blind design early experience effective intervention effectiveness evaluation experience grasp improved monocular neuromechanism novel novel strategies software development stereoscopic visual learning visual motor

项目摘要

Amblyopia is a deficit that arises from abnormal visual experience early in life, most commonly when the two eyes are not aligned (strabismus) or have unequal refractive error (anisometropia). It has long been thought to develop into a permanent deficit unless properly treated early in life; however, recent studies call this into question [1-8]. Adult amblyopes can recover some visual functions. Thus, amblyopia provides a useful model for understanding how to unlock adult neural plasticity. Our main aim is to develop new interventions for restoring visual acuity and stereopsis in adults with amblyopia by embedding visual training in active and rewarding visuomotor tasks that require stereopsis. Our work during the current grant period indicates that playing action-packed video games enhances several aspects of vision in amblyopic adults. Training either monocularly or under dichoptic conditions results in improved visual acuity and reduced suppression in adults with amblyopia. However, it is now clear that both perceptual learning (PL) and videogame play (VGP), whether monocular or dichoptic, result in only a modest improvement in visual acuity (by one to two lines), and only limited improvement in stereopsis [1,3-8]. Much recent work has focused on the role of binocular suppression, as the key to recovering visual functions in amblyopia. Specifically, it has been suggested that treatment should be dichoptic – and aimed at eliminating suppression - rather than monocular [5-8]. However, our pilot studies call this approach into question, and suggest a more direct approach to improving both visual acuity and stereopsis: training under 3D conditions. By forcing the two eyes to coordinate and integrate their signal in the service of a common output, stereopsis provides a unique common teaching signal to the two eyes that may be central to overcoming amblyopia. Our emphasis on stereopsis is novel, but it is based on: (1) our pilot data, showing that in adults with amblyopia, training stereopsis directly resulted not only in improved stereopsis, but also in improved visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, as well as reduced inter-ocular suppression and (2) the loss of stereopsis has demonstrable negative effects on everyday activities that can significantly impact individual's quality of life as well as limit their career choices and activities. The most noticeable qualitative deficit associated with amblyopia is impaired or complete loss of stereoscopic depth perception. Thus, the Aims of this proposal are: 1) To develop an integrated, immersive 3D videogame training program for adults with amblyopia; 2) Develop a battery of outcome measures to evaluate the effectiveness, mechanisms and “real world” impact of training 3) Evaluate the effectiveness of direct training of stereopsis on vision recovery in adult amblyopes.

弱视是一种由生命早期不正常的视觉体验引起的缺陷，最常见的是