Environmental Effects On Fertility

环境对生育力的影响

• 批准号: 7734443
• 负责人: DONNA D. BAIRD
• 金额: $ 47.32万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7734443
• 关键词: Adverse effects; Affect; Age; Agriculture; Biological; Biological Process; Breast Feeding; Characteristics; Chlorinated Hydrocarbons; Collection; Complex; Conceptions; Conceptus; Daily; Data; Development; Embryo; Enrollment; Estrogens; Female; Fertility; Fertility Study; Fertilization; Frequencies; Germ Cells; Goals; Health; Height; Hemorrhage; Hormones; Human Chorionic Gonadotropin; Hydrocortisone; Infertility; Interview; Length; Maintenance; Marijuana; Measurement; Measures; Menstrual cycle; Methods; Ovulation; Patient Self-Report; Patient currently pregnant; Pattern; Phase; Pilot Projects; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Population; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Tests; Probability; Progesterone; Puberty; Rate; Reporting; Reproducibility; Reproduction; Reproductive Process; Research; Research Project Grants; Resources; Sampling; Specimen; Sperm Transport; Spontaneous abortion; Testing; Time; Tissues; Urine; Validity of Self Report; Variant; Week; Weight; Weight Gain; Woman; birth control; bisphenol A; implantation; interest; men; phthalate; phthalates; prenatal; proliferative phase Menstrual cycle; prospective; reproductive; reproductive hormone; sex; toxicant; trophoblast; urinary

Adverse effects on reproductive capacity can occur at every phase of the reproductive process from prenatal development, puberty, to time when conception is occurring and the pregnancy is developing. This research project includes several aspects of the reproductive process, but mostly focuses on factors affecting the ability to conceive and maintain the pregnancy through its first few weeks. The complex biological processes involved include gamete development and maturation, sperm transport through the female reproductive tract, fertilization, early development of the conceptus, implantation, and maintenance of the developing embryo/trophoblast. We have developed methods to estimate environmental effects on fecundability, defined as the per menstrual cycle probability of conceiving, and we have followed women with daily urinary hormone measurements through their pregnancy attempts and early pregnancies. The biological underpinnings of fertility can also influence general health, and we have considered the health effects of female hormones within the framework of this project 1.Data from the Early Pregnancy Study (A.Wilcox, PI) provide a resource for ongoing research into reproductive hormones, fertility, & early pregnancy. This study enrolled women at the time they stopped using birth control in order to conceive & followed them through their 8th week of pregnancy. They collected daily first morning urine specimens & these were analyzed for human chorionic gonadotropin & estrogen and progesterone metabolites. Women with known fertility problems were excluded, so the sample represents normal unassisted reproduction. We have completed analyses of follicular phase length in the Early Pregnancy Study data, & we find longer follicular phases among women who reported using marijuana. This is biologically plausible given the research showing effects on LH secretion & ovulation. We are also examining variation in menstrual bleeding. The pattern of early rise of hCG was also examined for pregnancies that persist beyong menstrual week 6. We found little variation by sex of baby, but a late implantation was associated with a slower rise. 2.We conducted a pilot study to test the stability of hormones in urines stored from the Early Pregnancy Study. We collected a sample of new daily urine specimens during early pregnancy to serve as a reference to evaluate the quality of the stored samples. Estrogen and progesterone metabolite as well as hCG measurements from a sample of the stored urines will be compared to these hormones measured in newly collected urine samples. We enrolled 44 women, 26 of whom became pregnant and collected daily first morning urine specimens. Urine samples from the new collection and stored EPS samples are being analyzed for estrogen and progesterone metabolites as well as for hCG by Jim Kesner at NIOSH. 3..A subsample of urine specimens from the EPS have also been analyzed for phthalates, bisphenol A, and cortisol to see if those analytes can be evaluated in these stored samples. Analysis shows similar distributions of these toxicants as reported for more recently-collected samples and similar within-woman reproducibility measures. This supports analyisis of specimens from the complete EPS study in order to examine the relationship between these exposures and fertility and early pregnancy. 4. There is methodologic interest in quality of self-reported reproductive data, and there have been several efforts to evaluate the validity of such reports. We are evaluating the validity of self-reported cycle characteristics by comparing interview data to prospective daily recording of menstrual bleeding. In another methodologic project, we are using available data to determine how well women can report the timing of their positive pregnancy test. Bias arises in spontaneous abortion & time-to-pregnancy studies when comparing exposed and unexposed groups that differ in timing of pregnancy testing. Those who tend to have delayed pregnancy testing will recognize fewer spontaneous abortions, & they will have longer times to pregnancy. 5. Using data from the Agricultural Health Study, we found that men with high BMI are more likely to be infertile than men of normal weight for height. We replicated those findings in a Norwegian population where data were also were collected on frequency of intercourse. With these additional data we demonstrated that the lower fertility among men with higher BMI does not appear to be explained by them having less sex. 6. Organochlorines accumulate in tissue so that a single measure may be useful as a surrogate for years of exposure. We evaluated change in DDE and PCB levels in reproductive age women and the factors that affect the rates of change. There was a strong correlation between measurements over twenty years apart for both toxicants, and data on breast feeding, initial BMI, and weight gain allowed for further predictive precision.

对生殖能力的不利影响可能发生在生殖过程的每一个阶段，从产前发育、青春期到受孕和怀孕过程中。该研究项目包括生殖过程的几个方面，但主要集中在影响怀孕能力和维持怀孕前几周的因素。所涉及的复杂生物学过程包括配子发育和成熟、精子通过雌性生殖道的运输、受精、孕体的早期发育、植入和发育中的胚胎/滋养层的维持。我们已经开发出方法来估计环境对生育能力的影响，定义为每个月经周期的怀孕概率，我们已经跟踪了女性在怀孕尝试和早孕期间的每日尿激素测量。生育的生物学基础也会影响一般健康，我们在本项目的框架内考虑了女性激素对健康的影响 1.早期妊娠研究（A.Wilcox，PI）的数据为正在进行的生殖激素，生育力和早期妊娠研究提供了资源。这项研究招募了那些为了怀孕而停止使用避孕措施的女性，并跟踪了她们怀孕的第8周。他们每天收集晨尿样本，分析这些样本中的人绒毛膜促性腺激素、雌激素和孕激素代谢物。排除了已知有生育问题的妇女，因此样本代表正常的无辅助生殖。我们已经完成了对早期妊娠研究数据中卵泡期长度的分析，我们发现报告使用大麻的女性中卵泡期较长。考虑到研究显示对LH分泌和排卵的影响，这在生物学上是合理的。我们也在研究月经出血的变化。hCG早期升高的模式也在月经第6周后的妊娠中进行了检查。 我们发现婴儿性别的差异很小，但植入较晚与上升较慢有关。 2.我们进行了一项初步研究，以测试早期妊娠研究中储存的尿液中激素的稳定性。我们在妊娠早期采集了新的每日尿液样本，作为评价储存样本质量的参考。将储存尿液样本中的雌激素和孕酮代谢物以及hCG测量值与新采集尿液样本中测量的这些激素进行比较。我们招募了44名妇女，其中26名怀孕，每天收集第一次晨尿标本。NIOSH的Jim Kesner正在分析来自新收集的尿液样本和储存的EPS样本的雌激素和孕酮代谢物以及hCG。 3..还分析了EPS尿液标本的子样本中的邻苯二甲酸酯、双酚A和皮质醇，以确定是否可以在这些储存样本中评价这些分析物。分析显示，这些毒物的分布与最近收集的样本报告的分布相似，女性内重现性测量结果相似。 这支持对来自完整EPS研究的标本进行分析，以检查这些暴露与生育力和早孕之间的关系。 4.自我报告的生殖数据的质量有方法上的兴趣，已经有几个努力来评估这些报告的有效性。我们正在评估自我报告的月经周期特征的有效性，通过比较访谈数据和前瞻性的月经出血每日记录。在另一个方法学项目中，我们正在使用现有数据来确定女性如何报告其阳性妊娠试验的时间。在自然流产和妊娠时间研究中，当比较妊娠试验时间不同的暴露组和未暴露组时，会出现偏倚。那些倾向于推迟怀孕测试的人会认识到更少的自然流产，他们将有更长的怀孕时间。 5.利用农业健康研究的数据，我们发现BMI高的男性比身高体重正常的男性更容易不育。我们在挪威人群中复制了这些发现，其中也收集了性交频率的数据。通过这些额外的数据，我们证明了BMI较高的男性生育率较低似乎并不能解释为他们的性生活较少。 6.有机氯在组织中积累，因此，一个单一的措施可能是有用的替代多年的接触。 我们评估了育龄妇女DDE和PCB水平的变化以及影响变化率的因素。 两种毒物相隔20年以上的测量结果之间存在很强的相关性，母乳喂养、初始BMI和体重增加的数据允许进一步预测精度。

项目成果

Characteristics of fertile menstrual cycles.

易受孕月经周期的特征。

• 发表时间: 1999
• 期刊: Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health
• 作者: Baird,DD

Environmental Chemicals in Urine and Blood: Improving Methods for Creatinine and Lipid Adjustment.

• DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1509693
• 发表时间: 2016-02
• 期刊: Environmental health perspectives
• 影响因子: 10.4
• 作者: O'Brien KM;Upson K;Cook NR;Weinberg CR
• 通讯作者: Weinberg CR

Mother's menopausal age is associated with her daughter's early follicular phase urinary follicle-stimulating hormone level.

母亲的绝经年龄与女儿早期卵泡期尿促卵泡激素水平有关。

• DOI: 10.1097/gme.0b013e31816429e5
• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: Menopause (New York, N.Y.)
• 作者: Steiner,AnneZ;Baird,DonnaD;Kesner,JamesS
• 通讯作者: Kesner,JamesS

Accuracy of men's recall of their partner's time to pregnancy.

男性回忆伴侣怀孕时间的准确性。

• DOI: 10.1097/01.ede.0000173038.93237.b3
• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
• 作者: Nguyen,RubyHN;Baird,DonnaD
• 通讯作者: Baird,DonnaD

Urinary Concentrations of Phthalate Metabolites and Bisphenol A and Associations with Follicular-Phase Length, Luteal-Phase Length, Fecundability, and Early Pregnancy Loss.

• DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1408164
• 发表时间: 2016-03
• 期刊: Environmental health perspectives
• 影响因子: 10.4
• 作者: Jukic AM;Calafat AM;McConnaughey DR;Longnecker MP;Hoppin JA;Weinberg CR;Wilcox AJ;Baird DD
• 通讯作者: Baird DD