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Genetic studies of a pleiotropic transmembrane protease: insight from color variation in non-model organisms

多效性跨膜蛋白酶的遗传研究：从非模型生物体颜色变化中获得洞察

基本信息

批准号：
10754001
负责人：
Gregory Stefan Barsh
金额：
$ 30.68万
依托单位：
HUDSON-ALPHA INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-08-04 至 2023-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10754001
关键词：
Admixture Affect Aminopeptidase Animals Area Asian Biological Process Black Panther Breeding Candidate Disease Gene Cell Culture Techniques Characteristics Cheetahs Color Communities DNA Darkness Development Domestic Animals Enteric Nervous System Exhibits Experimental Genetics Family Felidae Felis catus Genes Genetic Genetic study Hair Hair Color Heritability Human Human Biology Individual Investigation Knockout Mice Laboratory Study Laboratory mice Mammalian Cell Mammals Marble Melanogenesis Membrane Molecular Morphology Mus Mutant Strains Mice Mutation Names Organism Palate Pathway interactions Pattern Peptide Hydrolases Phenotype Pigmentation physiologic function Placental Biology Placentation Population Proteomics Research Role Rwanda Sampling Signal Pathway Signal Transduction Skin Spottings System Technology Testing Tigers Tissue Sample Tissues Variant WNT Signaling Pathway Wild Animals Work Zebra causal variant cell type experimental study fetal forward genetics gene discovery gene interaction genetic approach genetic association genetic pedigree genetic resource genetic variant genome sequencing genome wide association study human disease inhibitor insight loss of function model organism mouse genetics novel self organization trait transcriptomics whole genome

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract Mendelian variation in pigmentation is a rich genetic resource to identify and study signaling pathways relevant to human biology, but the repertoire of mutations that affect pigmentation in mice and in humans coat color has become saturated. Advances in genome sequencing technology now extend the reach of forward genetics beyond humans and model organisms to domestic and wild animals, for which there are many pigmentary phenotypes likely to represent conserved signaling pathways but whose molecular basis is unknown. Using pigmentary variation in domestic cats, our research group discovered a striking connection between a novel transmembrane protease encoded by Transmembrane aminopeptidase Q (Taqpep) and a secreted Wnt inhibitor encoded by Dickkopf 4 (Dkk4). Initial studies of Taqpep knockout mice reveal a role in multiple cell types and tissues including hair, the enteric nervous system, and the palate. In a different non-model organism, the plains zebra, Taqpep is a candidate gene for aberrant striping in an isolated population in Rwanda. Our results point to a central role for Taqpep in pathways and tissues that are directly relevant to human biology and disease, but a molecular understanding of those pathways is most effectively approached by combining forward genetics for gene discovery in non-model mammalian organisms with experimental genetics in laboratory mice and studies in cultured mammalian cells. We propose to: (1) Identify additional components of Taqpep action by forward genetics in Bengal cats and by analysis of fetal cat skin (2) Expand initial genetic studies of color pattern variation in zebras (3) Determine the mechanism of Taqpep action using experimental mouse genetics and proteomics

项目概要/摘要色素沉着的孟德尔变异是识别和研究相关信号通路的丰富遗传资源对人类生物学来说，但影响小鼠色素沉着和人类皮毛颜色的突变库已经变得饱和。基因组测序技术的进步现在扩大了正向遗传学的范围从人类和模式生物到家畜和野生动物，它们都有许多色素表型可能代表保守的信号通路，但其分子基础尚不清楚。通过利用家猫的色素变化，我们的研究小组发现了猫之间的惊人联系。由跨膜氨肽酶 Q (Taqpep) 和分泌型 Wnt 编码的新型跨膜蛋白酶由 Dickkopf 4 (Dkk4) 编码的抑制剂。 Taqpep 基因敲除小鼠的初步研究揭示了其在多细胞中的作用类型和组织，包括毛发、肠神经系统和上颚。在不同的非模型生物体中，平原斑马 Taqpep 是卢旺达一个孤立种群中异常条纹的候选基因。我们的结果表明 Taqpep 在与人类直接相关的途径和组织中发挥着核心作用生物学和疾病，但对这些途径的分子理解最有效的方法是将非模型哺乳动物基因发现的正向遗传学与实验遗传学相结合在实验室小鼠中和在培养的哺乳动物细胞中进行研究。我们建议： (1) 通过孟加拉猫的正向遗传学和胎儿分析来鉴定 Taqpep 作用的其他成分猫皮 (2) 扩大斑马颜色图案变异的初步遗传学研究 (3) 利用实验小鼠遗传学和蛋白质组学确定Taqpep作用机制