Antisocial Behavior, Genetics, and the Life Course

反社会行为、遗传学和生命历程

• 批准号: 7841772
• 负责人: Michael J Shanahan
• 金额: $ 18.25万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-05-13 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7841772
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Animals; Area; Behavior; Behavioral Genetics; Complex; Criminal Justice; Data; Development; Dimensions; Dopamine; Employment; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Family; Female; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Polymorphism; Genetic Population Study; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic Research; Genetic Risk; Goals; Haplotypes; Health; Heritability; Human; Human Development; Individual; Individual Differences; Informal Social Control; Labor Forces; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Maintenance; Measures; Meta-Analysis; Military Personnel; Modeling; Monoamine Oxidase; Parents; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Physical Capacity; Population Genetics; Predisposition; Psychosocial Factor; Public Health; Race; Research; Resources; Risk; Sampling; Schools; Serotonin; Services; Social Environment; Source; Spouses; Statistical Methods; Statistical Models; System; Techniques; Test Result; Testing; Variant; Violence; Work; World Health Organization; adverse outcome; anti social; criminal behavior; expectation; high risk; innovation; insight; male; neurogenetics; novel; peer; prevent; psychosocial; public health relevance; social; theories; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this research is to integrate genetic and life course models of criminal and otherwise antisocial behaviors from adolescence to young adulthood, and to test the resulting hypotheses with traditional and innovative statistical models and a large nationally representative sample. To date, very little research has examined the interplay between specific genes and social context in the emergence and maintenance of antisocial behaviors, despite growing appreciation that these factors operate in concert. Data come from four waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health spanning ages 12 to 31 (nH18,000). Aim 1 establishes links between specific neurogenetic polymorphisms (NPs, measured as haplotypes) associated with dopamine, serotonin, and monoamine oxidase, and indicators of antisocial behavior-- including delinquency, involvement with the criminal justice system, substance use, and violent acts--at each wave and, for delinquency and substance use, across waves. Aim 2 examines associations between these same NPs and informal social controls (ISCs), including relationships with parents, peers, school attachment, employment, and religiosity in adolescence, and, in young adulthood, these same ISCs and patterns of family formation. For both Aims 1 and 2, NPs, antisocial behaviors, and ISCs will each be studied individually and in configurations (e.g., single NPs, and naturally occurring constellations of NPs). Aim 3 develops longitudinal models that interrelate NPs, ISCs, and antisocial behaviors--individually and configurally--by way of mediational models extending from adolescence to young adulthood and moderational models, according to which high genetic risk and low informal controls are especially likely to be associated with antisocial behaviors. Analyses will be conducted with variations of innovative latent variable models that allow for a high degree of non-linearity among these factors. Substantively, these analyses will reveal how genetic risks, informal social controls, and criminal and antisocial behaviors are interrelated from adolescence to young adulthood. Methodologically, the proposed research will provide insight into the latest mixture modeling techniques and the analysis of NPs and contextual and psychosocial factors. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Public health concerns well-being, which the World Health Organization defines as "a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities" (WHO, 1986 Ottawa Charter). The proposed research is directly concerned with the social resources that may prevent antisocial behaviors which are, in turn, frequently associated with risky health-related behaviors. The proposed research thus seeks to identify the social circumstances in which these adverse outcomes are avoided.

本研究的目的是整合从青少年到青年的犯罪和其他反社会行为的遗传和生命过程模型，并使用传统和创新的统计模型以及大量具有全国代表性的样本来测试由此产生的假设。到目前为止，很少有研究探讨特定基因和社会环境之间的相互作用，在反社会行为的出现和维持，尽管越来越多的人认识到，这些因素的协同作用。数据来自全国青少年健康纵向研究的四波，年龄从12岁到31岁（nH 18，000）。目的1建立与多巴胺，5-羟色胺和单胺氧化酶相关的特定神经遗传多态性（NPs，以单倍型测量）与反社会行为指标之间的联系-包括犯罪，参与刑事司法系统，物质使用和暴力行为-在每个波和犯罪和物质使用之间。目标2研究这些相同的NP和非正式社会控制（ISC）之间的关联，包括与父母，同龄人，学校依恋，就业和宗教在青春期的关系，并在成年后，这些相同的ISC和家庭形成的模式。对于目标1和目标2，NP、反社会行为和ISC将分别单独和以配置（例如，单个NP和天然存在的NP星座）。目的3开发纵向模型，相互关联的NP，ISCs，和反社会行为-个人和配置-通过从青春期到年轻的成年人和温和的模型，根据高遗传风险和低非正式控制的中介模型，特别是可能与反社会行为。分析将采用各种创新的潜在变量模型，这些模型允许这些因素之间存在高度非线性。实质上，这些分析将揭示遗传风险，非正式的社会控制，以及犯罪和反社会行为是如何从青春期到青年期相互关联的。在方法上，拟议的研究将提供洞察最新的混合建模技术和分析的NP和上下文和心理社会因素。公共卫生相关性：公共卫生涉及福祉，世界卫生组织将其定义为“强调社会和个人资源以及身体能力的积极概念”（卫生组织，1986年渥太华宪章）。拟议的研究直接涉及可能防止反社会行为的社会资源，而反社会行为又经常与危险的健康相关行为有关。因此，拟议的研究旨在确定避免这些不利结果的社会环境。