FMRI STUDIES OF EMOTION AND MOVEMENT

描述（由申请人提供）：申请人的长期目标是深入了解人类大脑中情绪和运动系统如何在行为，神经生物学和神经化学水平上相互作用。最近来自非人类灵长类动物研究的证据表明，两种整合机制允许情绪和运动信息在平行的皮质-纹状体-皮质循环中传递。情感回路（丘脑）和运动回路（黑质）内的特定核是这些整合机制的关键组成部分。在申请人先前工作的基础上，目前的提案将首次使用精确的实验设计和最先进的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）在3特斯拉测试从这些人脑综合模型中得出的假设。该提案将确定力量产生如何改变处理情绪信息区域（即情感回路）的神经元活动，以及情绪处理如何改变处理运动信息区域（即运动回路）的神经元活动。拟议的研究将测量人类受试者在被动观看情绪和中性图像以及在观看情绪和中性图像时产生力时的血氧水平依赖（BOLD）信号变化和等长力输出。这些实验将在两个特定目的下检验四个假设。Aim la测试了一个假设，即观看情感图像会增加所有情感环路核的活动。目的b验证当情绪和运动过程配对时，丘脑背内侧会显示出增加的BOLD信号的假设。Aim 2a测试了力产生增加所有运动环核内活动的假设。Aim 2b验证了当情绪和运动过程同时出现时，黑质BOLD信号增加的假设。从该提案中产生的发现将推动申请人长期目标的下一阶段，即了解外科手术（深部脑刺激）和药物（多巴胺）干预如何改变这些综合机制在患有共病情绪和运动异常（双相情感障碍，帕金森病）的临床人群中的功能。情绪障碍可以表现为运动障碍，基底神经节的运动障碍可以表现为情绪障碍。人类大脑中整合情感和运动的机制在很大程度上仍然未知。了解整合情绪和运动过程的神经回路将为寻求调节和促进情绪和/或运动功能的干预提供信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long term objective of the applicant is to develop a deep understanding of how emotion and motor systems interact at the behavioral, neurobiological, and neurochemical level in the human brain. Recent evidence from studies in non-human primates identifies two integrative mechanisms that allow emotion and motor information to be transferred across parallel cortico-striatal-cortico loops. Specific nuclei within the affective loop (thalamus) and motor loop (substantia nigra) are key components of these integrative mechanisms. Building on the prior work of the applicant the current proposal will, for the first time, test hypotheses derived from these integrative models in the human brain using precise experimental design and state of the art functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at 3 Tesla. The proposal will determine how force production alters neuronal activity in regions that process emotional information (i.e., affective loop) and how emotional processing alters neuronal activity in regions that process motor information (i.e., motor loop). The proposed studies will measure blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal change and isometric force output from human subjects while they passively view emotional and neutral images and while they view emotional and neutral images while generating force. The experiments will examine four hypotheses in two specific aims. Aim la tests the hypothesis that viewing emotional images increases activity within all affective loop nuclei. Aim Ib tests the hypothesis that the dorsomedial thalamus will show increased BOLD signal when emotion and motor processes are paired together. Aim 2a tests the hypothesis that force production increases activity within all motor loop nuclei. Aim 2b tests the hypothesis that the substantia nigra will show increased BOLD signal when emotion and motor processes are paired together. Findings generated from this proposal will motivate the next phase of the applicant's long term objective which will be to understand how surgical (deep brain stimulation) and pharmacological (dopamine) interventions alter the functioning of these integrative mechanisms in clinical populations with co-morbid emotional and motor abnormalities (bipolar disorder, Parkinson's disease). Emotional disorders can present with motor deficits, and motor disorders of the basal ganglia can present with emotional deficits. The mechanism in the human brain that integrates emotion and movement remains largely unknown. Understanding the neural circuits that integrate emotion and motor processes will inform interventions that seek to regulate and facilitate emotional and/or motor function.