FMRI STUDIES OF EMOTION AND MOVEMENT

描述（由申请人提供）：申请人的长期目标是深入了解情绪和运动系统如何在人类大脑的行为，神经生物学和神经化学水平上相互作用。最近在非人类灵长类动物中的研究发现了两种整合机制，它们允许情绪和运动信息通过平行的皮质-纹状体-皮质回路进行传递。情感回路（丘脑）和运动回路（黑质）内的特定核团是这些整合机制的关键组成部分。在申请人之前工作的基础上，当前提案将首次使用精确的实验设计和3特斯拉的最新功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）来测试从人脑中的这些综合模型得出的假设。该提案将确定力的产生如何改变处理情感信息的区域的神经元活动（即，情感回路）以及情感处理如何改变处理运动信息的区域中的神经元活动（即，马达回路）。拟议的研究将测量血氧水平依赖（BOLD）信号变化和等距力输出从人类受试者，而他们被动地查看情绪和中性的图像，而他们查看情绪和中性的图像，同时产生的力量。实验将在两个特定目标下检验四个假设。目的la检验观察情绪图像增加所有情感回路核团的活动的假设。目的验证当情绪和运动过程配对时，丘脑背内侧区BOLD信号增强的假说。目的2a检验力的产生增加所有运动环路核团的活动的假设。目的2b测试了当情绪和运动过程配对在一起时黑质将显示增加的BOLD信号的假设。本提案产生的结果将推动申请人长期目标的下一阶段，即了解手术（脑深部电刺激）和药物（多巴胺）干预如何改变合并情绪和运动异常（双相情感障碍、帕金森病）的临床人群中这些整合机制的功能。情绪障碍可以表现为运动缺陷，基底神经节运动障碍可以表现为情绪缺陷。人类大脑中整合情感和运动的机制在很大程度上仍然未知。了解整合情绪和运动过程的神经回路将为寻求调节和促进情绪和/或运动功能的干预提供信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long term objective of the applicant is to develop a deep understanding of how emotion and motor systems interact at the behavioral, neurobiological, and neurochemical level in the human brain. Recent evidence from studies in non-human primates identifies two integrative mechanisms that allow emotion and motor information to be transferred across parallel cortico-striatal-cortico loops. Specific nuclei within the affective loop (thalamus) and motor loop (substantia nigra) are key components of these integrative mechanisms. Building on the prior work of the applicant the current proposal will, for the first time, test hypotheses derived from these integrative models in the human brain using precise experimental design and state of the art functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at 3 Tesla. The proposal will determine how force production alters neuronal activity in regions that process emotional information (i.e., affective loop) and how emotional processing alters neuronal activity in regions that process motor information (i.e., motor loop). The proposed studies will measure blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal change and isometric force output from human subjects while they passively view emotional and neutral images and while they view emotional and neutral images while generating force. The experiments will examine four hypotheses in two specific aims. Aim la tests the hypothesis that viewing emotional images increases activity within all affective loop nuclei. Aim Ib tests the hypothesis that the dorsomedial thalamus will show increased BOLD signal when emotion and motor processes are paired together. Aim 2a tests the hypothesis that force production increases activity within all motor loop nuclei. Aim 2b tests the hypothesis that the substantia nigra will show increased BOLD signal when emotion and motor processes are paired together. Findings generated from this proposal will motivate the next phase of the applicant's long term objective which will be to understand how surgical (deep brain stimulation) and pharmacological (dopamine) interventions alter the functioning of these integrative mechanisms in clinical populations with co-morbid emotional and motor abnormalities (bipolar disorder, Parkinson's disease). Emotional disorders can present with motor deficits, and motor disorders of the basal ganglia can present with emotional deficits. The mechanism in the human brain that integrates emotion and movement remains largely unknown. Understanding the neural circuits that integrate emotion and motor processes will inform interventions that seek to regulate and facilitate emotional and/or motor function.