Experimental and Clinical Studies of Presbyacusis

老年性耳聋的实验和临床研究

• 批准号: 7850391
• 负责人: Judy R Dubno
• 金额: $ 34.84万
• 依托单位: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-17 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7850391
• 关键词: Experimental; Clinical; Studies; Presbyacusis

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The focus of this research is age-related hearing loss (presbyacusis). Currently, 28 million Americans have impaired hearing and approximately 75% of these persons are over the age of 55. The prevalence of presbyacusis will increase substantially by the year 2020. To meet the challenges of this most prevalent handicapping condition, new information, diagnostic methods, rehabilitation procedures, and cost-effective access to new technologies will be of great importance. Prevention of presbyacusis and a reduction in its prevalence are even greater challenges. The overall objective of our research program is to improve diagnostic, rehabilitative, and preventive measures. Toward this objective, four research projects are proposed. Project 1 addresses basic questions related to the understanding of speech and benefit of hearing aids in realistic listening environments by older adults. Project 2 is a neuroimaging study that examines the structure and function of neural elements that are hypothesized to contribute to age-related declines in speech recognition in older adults. Project 3 identifies specific alleles associated with age- related hearing loss in carefully selected candidate genes through genotype-phenotype association studies and initiates studies aimed at characterizing the histopathological changes associated with age-related hearing loss in general, and when known, with specific mutations. Project 4 determines the potential role of human hematopoietic stem cells in the maintenance of non-sensory cells in the inner ear and characterizes the effects of aging and cochlear injury on this process. In addition, two cores provide administrative, technical, and scientific support including recruitment of human subjects; collection and storage of human tissue; and collection, storage, and analysis of data. The proposed program of research on presbyacusis in the long term will influence health care of the presbyacusic patient, will affect care of hearing-impaired persons in general, and will have significant impact on theoretical and applied issues in the science of audition.

描述(申请人提供)：本研究的重点是老年性听力损失(老年性耳聋)。目前，有2800万美国人听力受损，其中约75%的人年龄在55岁以上。到2020年，老年性耳聋的患病率将大幅增加。为了应对这种最普遍的障碍状况的挑战，新的信息、诊断方法、康复程序和获得新技术的成本效益将是非常重要的。预防老年性耳聋和降低老年性耳聋的患病率是更大的挑战。我们研究计划的总体目标是改进诊断、康复和预防措施。针对这一目标，本文提出了四个研究课题。项目1解决与老年人在现实听力环境中对言语的理解和助听器的益处有关的基本问题。项目2是一项神经成像研究，考察了神经元素的结构和功能，这些神经元素被认为是导致老年人语音识别能力与年龄相关的下降的原因。项目3通过基因-表型关联研究在精心选择的候选基因中识别与年龄相关的听力损失相关的特定等位基因，并启动旨在描述与年龄相关的听力损失相关的一般组织病理学变化的研究，以及在已知的情况下与特定突变相关的研究。项目4确定了人类造血干细胞在维持内耳非感觉细胞方面的潜在作用，并描述了衰老和耳蜗损伤对这一过程的影响。此外，两个核心提供行政、技术和科学支助，包括招募人体受试者；收集和储存人体组织；收集、储存和分析数据。拟议的老年性耳聋长期研究计划将影响老年性听力障碍患者的医疗保健，将影响一般听障人士的护理，并将对听力科学的理论和应用问题产生重大影响。