Auditory analysis and speech recognition

听觉分析和语音识别

• 批准号: 7853662
• 负责人: Judy R Dubno
• 金额: $ 13.76万
• 依托单位: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-17 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7853662
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Amplifiers; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Auditory system; Basilar Membrane; Cell physiology; Cochlea; Cochlear Hearing Loss; Communication; Complex; Detection; Frequencies; Goals; Growth; Hearing; Impairment; Individual; Knowledge; Masks; Measures; Noise; Outer Hair Cells; Output; Performance; Process; Property; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Series; Signal Transduction; Speech; Speech Perception; Speech Sound; Testing; Work; base; design; hearing impairment; programs; research study; response; sound; speech recognition

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This research program addresses basic questions related to perception of auditory information and recognition of speech by individuals with normal hearing and cochlear hearing loss. Experiments are designed to test hypotheses within the framework of the active process of the cochlea, which is responsible for many fundamental properties of audition. It is well established that declines in cochlear function result in higher detection thresholds and broader tuning at lower levels. However, beyond these general effects, a thorough understanding of the negative consequences of a reduced active mechanism is lacking due to the limited knowledge of nonlinear effects both for complex sounds such as speech, and also for individuals with mild-to-moderate cochlear hearing loss. A comprehensive series of experiments is planned within two broad aims to address key questions concerning the effects of basilar-membrane nonlinearities on auditory perception and recognition of speech. Each of these aims is driven by hypotheses that examine auditory function for simple and complex sounds within a framework that provides physiologically-appropriate rationales for both the normal and impaired auditory system. Aim 1 assesses temporal masking, growth of masking, and suppression for tonal and speech signals over a wide range of levels, and changes in tuning with increasing level, to test the hypothesis that nonlinearities in the basilar-membrane response underlie improvements in speech recognition in noise at moderate levels, declines at higher levels, and diminished performance where gain is reduced by cochlear impairment. Aim 2 measures detection and recognition of sounds with fluctuating envelopes and masking of tones and speech in fluctuating maskers, to test the hypothesis that nonlinearities in the basilar-membrane response underlie changes in the temporal envelopes of speech and noises with increasing level, the benefit derived from masker fluctuations, and diminished performance where gain is reduced by cochlear impairment. A long-term goal is to discover the bases and means for reducing the detrimental effects of cochlear hearing loss on the perception of speech. A better understanding of these effects is essential if individuals with cochlear hearing loss are to achieve maximum benefit from amplified speech in adverse listening conditions.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究计划解决了与听觉信息的感知以及正常听力和耳蜗听力损失的个人认识有关的基本问题。实验旨在在耳蜗的主动过程的框架内检验假设，该假设负责试听的许多基本特性。众所周知，人工耳蜗功能下降会导致较高的检测阈值和较低级别的更广泛调整。但是，除了这些一般效果之外，由于对复杂的声音（例如言语）的非线性效应的了解有限，以及对于有轻度的耳蜗听力损失的人，因此缺乏对降低的活动机制的负面后果的彻底理解。在两个广泛的目标中计划了一系列全面的实验，以解决有关基底膜非线性对听觉感知和言语认可的影响的关键问题。这些目标都由假设驱动，该假设在一个框架内检查了简单和复杂的声音的听觉功能，该框架为正常和受损的听觉系统提供了适合生理的理由。 AIM 1评估暂时掩盖，掩盖的增长以及对众多级别的音调和语音信号的抑制，并随着水平的增加而调整调整，以检验以下假设：基底膜基底膜反应的非线性是噪声中语音识别的基础，噪声中噪声中的语音识别率提高了中等水平的较高水平，在较高的水平下降低了效果，并降低了绩效的降低，并且降低了绩效的降低。 AIM 2措施衡量和识别声音的检测和掩盖声音和语音的波动掩蔽器中的掩盖，以检验以下假设：基底膜基底膜响应的非线性是语音膜和声音的变化的基础，而声音和噪声的变化则随着掩护者的增长而增长和减少的效果，并重新获得了掩护者的收益。一个长期的目标是发现减少耳蜗听力损失对语音感知的有害影响的基础和手段。如果有耳蜗听力损失的个体是在不良听力条件下的放大语音中获得最大的收益，那么对这些影响的更好理解至关重要。