High-performance Biocompatible GIC System with Permanent Antibacterial Function

描述（由申请人提供）： 该申请解决了广泛的挑战领域（13）智能生物材料-治疗诊断学和特定的挑战主题，13-DE-102：牙科树脂复合材料和龋齿。据了解，一半的牙科修复在10年内失败，更换它们消耗了牙医平均60%的执业时间。继发龋和修复体断裂是修复失败的主要原因。为了应对这些挑战，牙科清洁剂必须足够坚固和稳定，以承受断裂和磨损，并具有足够的抗菌性，以防止或减少继发性龋齿。本研究项目的总体目标是开发一种新型的高性能生物相容性玻璃离子水门汀（GIC）系统，具有永久抗菌功能，以对抗细菌破坏，防止生物膜形成，并承受断裂和磨损，以延长修复寿命。目前，没有一种市售的GIC像复合树脂那样用于高应力和高耐磨的水泥，这是由于它们的耐磨性差和机械强度低，尽管这些水泥比复合树脂具有许多优点。此外，没有一种牙科清洁剂是永久抗菌的，这显著增加了继发性龋齿的发生率。我们已经证明，新的星形聚酸构造的树脂改性的GIC（RMGIC）表现出突出的和可比的耐磨性以及机械强度的一些目前的复合树脂，除了其固有的粘附到牙齿的复合树脂没有。在该挑战提案中，我们提出开发一种新型抗菌和生物相容性高性能RMGIC系统，该系统由精心设计的高度支化聚合物沿着共价连接的季铵阳离子（Quats）构建，用于更强和更持久的修复以及继发性龋洞预防或减少。该系统设计独特，结合了联合收割机的所有主要优点，但最大限度地减少了复合树脂、传统GIC和RMGIC的缺点。在本研究中，将合成一系列精心设计和良好构建的高度支化聚合物和一系列新型抗菌季铵盐，并用于配制具有永久抗菌功能的高性能GIC系统。抗弯强度、耐磨性和粘度将用作水泥配方和优化的主要筛选工具。针对变形链球菌的杀菌试验将用作Quat抗菌评价的主要筛选工具。将评价最佳系统的重要机械性能、物理性能、体外抗菌活性和体外生物相容性。该项目目标的成功实现将通过提供一种新的有吸引力的抗菌粘合剂牙科修复体，对修复、预防和微创牙科以及早期龋齿干预领域产生积极影响。继发龋和修复体断裂是导致修复失败的主要原因。为了应对这些挑战，牙科清洁剂必须足够坚固和稳定，以承受断裂和磨损，并具有足够的抗菌性，以防止或减少继发性龋齿。本研究的目的是开发一种新型的高性能生物相容性玻璃离子水门汀系统，具有永久抗菌功能，以对抗细菌破坏，防止生物膜形成，并承受骨折和磨损，以提高修复寿命。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application addresses broad Challenge Area (13) Smart Biomaterials-Theranostics and specific Challenge Topic, 13-DE-102: Dental Resin Composite and Caries. It is known that half of all dental restorations fail within 10 years and replacing them consumes 60% of the average dentist's practice time. Secondary caries and fracture of the restoration are found to be the main reasons for restoration failure. To face these challenges, dental restoratives must be made strong and stable enough to withstand fracture and wear, and antibacterial enough to prevent or reduce secondary caries. The overall goal of this research project is to develop a novel high-performance biocompatible glass-ionomer cement (GIC) system with permanent antibacterial function to combat bacterial destruction, prevent biofilm formation and withstand fracture and wear for enhancing restoration longevity. Currently, none of the commercially available GICs are being used for high stress- and high wear-bearing restorations as are composite resins, due to their poor wear-resistance and low mechanical strengths, although these cements have numerous advantages over composite resins. Furthermore, none of the dental restoratives are permanently antibacterial, which significantly increases the incidence of secondary caries. We have demonstrated that novel star-shaped polyacid-constructed resin-modified GIC (RMGIC) exhibited outstanding and comparable wear-resistance as well as mechanical strengths to some of the current composite resins, in addition to its inherent adhesion to tooth that composite resins do not have. In this challenge proposal, we propose to develop a novel antibacterial and biocompatible high-performance RMGIC system constructed with well- designed highly-branched polymers along with covalently attached quaternary ammonium cations (Quats) for stronger and longer-lasting restoration as well as secondary cavity prevention or reduction. This system is uniquely designed to combine all the major advantages but minimize the disadvantages that composite resins, conventional GICs and RMGICs have. In this research, a series of well-designed as well as well- constructed highly-branched polymers and a series of new antibacterial Quats will be synthesized and used to formulate a high-performance GIC system with permanent antibacterial function. Flexural strength, wear- resistance and viscosity will be used as primary screening tools for cement formulation and optimization. Bactericidal testing against Streptococcus mutans will be used as a primary screening tool for Quat's antibacterial evaluation. Important mechanical properties, physical properties, in vitro antibacterial activity and in vitro biocompatibility of the optimal system will be evaluated. Successful achievement of the goals of this project will positively impact the fields of restorative, preventive and minimally invasive dentistry and early caries intervention by providing a new attractive antibacterial adhesive dental restorative. Secondary caries and fracture of the restoration are found to be the main reasons for dental restoration failure. To face these challenges, dental restoratives must be made strong and stable enough to withstand fracture and wear, and antibacterial enough to prevent or reduce secondary caries. The objective of this research is to develop a novel high-performance biocompatible glass-ionomer cement system with permanent antibacterial function to combat bacterial destruction, prevent biofilm formation and withstand fracture and wear for enhancing restoration longevity.