Preventing Adverse Reactions in Novice Blood Donors

预防新手献血者的不良反应

• 批准号: 7766224
• 负责人: Christopher R France
• 金额: $ 35.61万
• 依托单位: OHIO UNIVERSITY ATHENS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-03-01 至 2013-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7766224
• 关键词: Address; Adverse reactions; Age; American; Behavior; Blood; Blood Donations; Blood Transfusion; Blood Volume; Blood donor; Clinic; Collection; Data; Databases; Dizziness; Eligibility Determination; Erythrocytes; Future; Goals; Hour; Lightheadedness; Measures; Methods; Motivation; Muscle; Muscle Tension; Participant; Placebos; Population; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Reaction; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Recurrence; Red Cross; Rural; Site; Syncope; Testing; Time; Translating; Vascular blood supply; Vasovagal; Water; Woman; Work; active method; experience; follow-up; meetings; men; prevent; volunteer

Severe and potentially dangerous shortages in the blood supply are common. This problem is expected to worsen as the population ages (increasing demand) and more and more stringent restrictions are placed on blood donor eligibility (decreasing supply). A crucial component of the effort to meet the increasing demand for blood is the ongoing recruitment of new donors. Ideally, new recruits would become lifelong donors, contributing up to six times per year and hundreds of units of blood in a lifetime. Unfortunately, less than half of all novice donors will ever provide a second donation. Because the experience of vasovagal reactions (e.g., dizziness, weakness, lightheadedness) is one of the strongest predictors of attrition in novice donors, prevention of such reactions may be a particularly efficient and enduring method of enhancing the nation's blood supply. Our long-term objective is to provide blood collection agencies with simple and inexpensive strategies that can be used to prevent vasovagal reactions and enhance donor retention. The specific aim of the current proposal is to evaluate the combined effects of two particularly promising vasovagal prevention strategies - water loading and applied muscle tension. We will compare vasovagal reactions to blood donation and repeat donation behavior in 400 first-time donors assigned to either active treatment (pre- donation water loading and muscle tensing during donation) or placebo treatment (pre-donation muscle tensing). Participants will be recruited and tested at American Red Cross fixed and mobile blood donation clinics held in rural and urban settings. Vasovagal reactions will be measured using on-site donor and phlebotomist ratings as well as donor ratings obtained 24 hours later. Using the American Red Cross national donor database, subsequent donation history will be tracked during a two-year follow-up period. We hypothesize that participants in the active treatment group will experience less adverse reactions and will be more likely to return to provide a new donation as compared to participants in the placebo group. The proposed study tests simple strategies that volunteer blood donors can use to prevent negative reactions, such as fainting, that frequently discourage donors from returning. The long term goal of our work is to address recurrent shortages in the blood supply by increasing donor motivation and commitment to lifelong giving. Because we are working directly with the American Red Cross, our findings can be quickly translated into practice.

严重和潜在危险的血液供应短缺是常见的。这一问题有望 随着人口老龄化（需求增加）和越来越严格的限制， 献血资格（减少供应）。努力满足日益增长的 对血液的需求是不断招募新的献血者。理想情况下，新招募的人员将成为终身 献血者，每年捐献多达六次，一生中捐献数百单位的血液。不幸的是， 超过一半的新手捐赠者会提供第二次捐赠。因为血管迷走神经 反应（例如，头晕、无力、头晕）是新手中最强的磨损预测因素之一 因此，预防这种反应可能是增强免疫反应的特别有效和持久的方法。 国家的血液供应。 我们的长期目标是为采血机构提供简单和廉价的策略 可用于预防血管迷走神经反应和增强供体保留。的具体目标 目前的建议是评估两种特别有希望的血管迷走神经预防的联合作用。 策略-水负荷和施加肌肉张力。我们将比较血管迷走神经反应和血液 400名首次献血者的献血和重复献血行为， 捐赠期间的捐赠水负荷和肌肉紧张）或安慰剂治疗（捐赠前肌肉 紧张）。参与者将在美国红十字会的固定和移动的献血中招募和测试 在农村和城市设立的诊所。将使用现场供体测量血管迷走神经反应， 24小时后获得抽血者评级以及供体评级。使用美国红十字会 国家捐赠者数据库，随后的捐赠历史将在两年的随访期内跟踪。我们 假设积极治疗组的参与者将经历较少的不良反应， 与安慰剂组的参与者相比，更有可能返回提供新的捐赠。 这项拟议中的研究测试了志愿献血者可以用来预防阴性反应的简单策略。 反应，如昏厥，这往往使捐助者不愿返回。我们工作的长期目标 是通过增加捐赠者的动机和承诺来解决血液供应的经常性短缺， 终身奉献因为我们直接与美国红十字会合作，我们的调查结果可以很快 转化为实践。