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Roots of Rainforest Medicine

雨林医学的根源

基本信息

批准号：
7938861
负责人：
ROBERT Allen VOEKS
金额：
$ 5.74万
依托单位：
CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY FULLERTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-09-30 至 2012-09-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7938861
关键词：
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Africa African Agreement Agriculture American Americas Antineoplastic Agents Area Asia Banana Belief Berlin Biodiversity Biological Factors Biota Books Borneo Brazil Cattle Charge Communities Crowding Deforestation Development Diet Diffusion Disease Dreams Drug Compounding Elderly Explosion Eye Food Future Gender Generations Geography Gold Growth Habitats Healed Health Human Immigrant Indigenous Intellectual Property Legal patent Life Malignant Neoplasms Marketing Medical Medicinal Plants Medicine Monograph Morphologic artifacts Narrative Medicine Nature Perception Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacologic Substance Pharmacopoeias Plant Diseases Plant Roots Plants Price Process Production Property Public Health Recording of previous events Reporting Research Rights Role Rosa Societies Source Specialist System Theft Transference Witchcraft Women&apos s Role Work anthropogenesis forest healing novel social theories

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Among the myriad casualties of tropical deforestation, none provides a more compelling narrative than the loss of rainforest healers and their plant pharmacopoeias. Fortified by a diet of documentaries, trade books, and Hollywood productions, the notion that miracle herbal remedies are being sacrificed needlessly has become firmly ensconced in western everyday wisdom. As Gentry queried, "Is it an impossible dream to hope that through medicinal plants the biodiversity of tropical forests might be able to save the world from cancer or AIDS?" Combined with a legacy of hefty profits and crucial contributions to public health-roughly 30,000 American lives are saved each year by anti-cancer drugs derived from plants-the `rainforest medicine narrative' constitutes a highly persuasive argument for protecting pristine tropical nature and culture. This two-year book project-The Roots of Rainforest Medicine-challenges the environmental cornerstone of this narrative, that is, that medicinal drug plants inhabit virgin tropical forests. Drawing on theory and fieldwork in Borneo and Brazil, it is argued that disturbance habitats- trails, kitchen gardens, and second growth forests-represent the preferred foraging habitats of healers. Rather than the pristine parcels of paradise marketed by environmentalists, healing habitats are reflections largely of anthropogenic engagement with nature, past and present. They are messy areas dominated by weeds, cultigens, shrubs and vines. Our perception of the healing properties of nature, it is suggested, represents a romanticized artifact of history and geography, encouraged by Edenic beliefs regarding the mysteries of the equatorial latitudes, and tempered by galenical theories that only nature can rein in the medical maladies it has spawned. The public health implications of this disturbance pharmacopoeia hypothesis are explored, including the explosion of crowd-type diseases during the agricultural revolution, the consequent quest for medicinal plants, and the gendering of healing roles. The historical transference of medicinal foods, ornamentals, and weeds is investigated through colonial sources, as is how this process enhanced and homogenized the tropical healing floras of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Focusing on the African diaspora, it is argued that habitat disturbance and plant introduction were critical to the diffusion of immigrant healing traditions. Finally, this work documents how and why the legacy of centuries of ethnomedicinal wisdom is dying out with this generation of elders.

描述（由申请人提供）：在热带森林砍伐造成的无数伤亡中，没有一个比失去雨林治疗师及其植物药典更令人信服的叙述了。在纪录片、贸易书籍和好莱坞作品的支持下，认为神奇草药正在被不必要地牺牲的观念已经牢固地扎根于西方的日常智慧中。正如金特里所质疑的，“希望通过药用植物，热带森林的生物多样性能够拯救世界免受癌症或艾滋病的侵害，这是一个不可能实现的梦想吗？“结合巨额利润和对公共卫生的重要贡献的遗产-每年约有30，000名美国人的生命被来自植物的抗癌药物所挽救-“雨林医学叙事”构成了保护原始热带自然和文化的极具说服力的论点。这个为期两年的图书项目-雨林医学的根源-挑战这种叙述的环境基石，即药用植物栖息在原始热带森林中。在婆罗洲和巴西的理论和实地考察，有人认为，干扰栖息地-小径，菜园，和第二次生长的森林-代表首选的觅食栖息地的治疗师。与环保主义者推销的原始天堂不同，愈合栖息地在很大程度上反映了人类与自然的接触，无论是过去还是现在。它们是由杂草、栽培植物、灌木和藤蔓主导的凌乱区域。我们对大自然的治愈能力的看法，这表明，代表了历史和地理的浪漫化人工制品，受到伊甸园关于赤道纬度神秘的信仰的鼓励，并受到只有自然才能控制它所产生的医学疾病的盖伦理论的影响。公共卫生的影响，这种干扰药典假说进行了探讨，包括爆炸的人群型疾病在农业革命，随之而来的追求药用植物，和性别的愈合作用。药用食品，植物和杂草的历史转移是通过殖民地的来源进行调查，这是如何增强和均匀化的非洲，亚洲和美洲的热带愈合植物。着眼于非洲散居，有人认为，栖息地的干扰和植物的引进是至关重要的移民治疗传统的扩散。最后，这项工作记录了几个世纪以来民族医学智慧的遗产是如何以及为什么随着这一代老年人而消亡的。