Psychometric and Neurobiological Mechanisms of Impulse Control Disorders

冲动控制障碍的心理测量和神经生物学机制

• 批准号: 8059356
• 负责人: Lindsay Nelson
• 金额: $ 3.39万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-08 至 2011-09-07
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8059356
• 关键词: Adult; Alcohols; Antisocial Personality Disorder; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Biological; Brain; Child; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Collaborations; Conduct Disorder; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual; Disease; Disinhibition; Drug Addiction; EP300 gene; Electroencephalography; Factor Analysis; Frequencies; Genetic; Goals; Impulse Control Disorders; Individual; Individual Differences; Influentials; Investigation; Knowledge; Lead; Link; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Mental disorders; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; National Institute of Mental Health; Nature; Neurobiology; P300 Event-Related Potentials; Participant; Performance; Personality Disorders; Phenotype; Physiological; Prevention; Process; Psychometrics; Psychopathology; Psychophysiology; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Risk; Role; Science; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Societies; Speed; Strategic Planning; Subgroup; Substance Use Disorder; Techniques; Time; Variant; Work; addiction; anti social; base; brain behavior; career; cost effectiveness; disinhibitory psychopathology; endophenotype; follow-up; improved; indexing; innovation; interest; neurobiological mechanism; neurochemistry; neuroimaging; neurophysiology; novel strategies; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; time use; tool; treatment program; treatment response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Disorders involving deficient impulse-control-including child conduct disorder and attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder, adult antisocial personality disorder, and alcohol/drug dependence (collectively known as externalizing disorders)-are debilitating for afflicted individuals and costly to society, and research is needed to clarify the biological basis of disorders of this kind. Because of its unique advantages as a measurement tool (e.g., high time-resolution; mapping of signal frequencies; cost-effectiveness), electrocortical (EEG/ERP) recording is a crucial tool in efforts to conceptualize and index externalizing-proneness neurobiologically. The proposed research will advance knowledge about the neurophysiological substrates of externalizing disorders by applying new approaches for analyzing electrocortical (EEG/ERP) data to an investigation of neural processing deficits underlying proneness to externalizing problems. Two innovative analytic approaches will be utilized: (1) psychometric modeling methods, which have been valuable for isolating variance in ERP measures most indicative of externalizing-related processing deviations (Nelson, Patrick, & Bernat, in press), and (2) EEG time-frequency (TF) analysis, an effective tool for partitioning overlapping components of the ERP signal that show differential relations with externalizing. Primary ERP measures of interest include: (1) variants of the P300, an index of cognitive processing known to function as an endophenotype of externalizing proneness, and (2) the error-related negativity (ERN), a measure of on-line performance monitoring. As a follow-up to Nelson et al. (in press), this proposed work aims: (1) to determine whether previously-documented relationships between ERN amplitude reduction and externalizing proneness generalize to ERN measures captured from differing task conditions, (2) to examine, using TF signal analysis and psychometric analytic methods, the degree to which ERN and P300 amplitude reductions reflect unique or interrelated neural deficits associated with externalizing, and (3) to determine whether multivariate psychophysiological composite variables reliably outperform individual ERP variables in predicting externalizing proneness. By refining measurement of neurophysiological indicators of disinhibition, this research promises to yield improved methods for identifying individuals at biological risk for the development of disinhibitory psychopathology, and for defining subgroups in neuroimaging, neurochemical, and genetic studies of mechanisms underlying disorders of impulse control. Further, the findings will yield neurophysiological target variables suitable for use in diagnostic and treatment-response studies. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Impulse control disorders, including antisociality and addictions, are serious public health problems. This research will utilize innovative new EEG/ERP methods to advance understanding of neuro-cognitive deficits underlying proneness to disorders of this kind. Findings will yield improved brain indicators of underlying risk that can serve as targets for diagnosis and treatment monitoring.

描述（由申请人提供）：涉及冲动控制缺陷的疾病-包括儿童行为障碍和注意力缺陷/多动障碍，成人反社会人格障碍和酒精/药物依赖（统称为外化障碍）-对受影响的个体来说是虚弱的，对社会来说是昂贵的，需要研究来澄清这种疾病的生物学基础。由于其作为测量工具的独特优势（例如，高时间分辨率;信号频率的映射;成本效益），皮层电（EEG/ERP）记录是一个重要的工具，在努力概念化和索引外化倾向神经生物学。拟议的研究将通过应用新的方法分析皮层电（EEG/ERP）数据的神经处理缺陷潜在的倾向外化问题的调查，推进知识的神经生理学基板的外化障碍。两种创新的分析方法将被利用：（1）心理测量建模方法，这是有价值的隔离差异的ERP措施最指示外化相关的处理偏差（纳尔逊，帕特里克，和伯纳特，在出版），和（2）脑电图时间频率（TF）分析，一个有效的工具，用于分区重叠的ERP信号，显示与外化的差分关系的组成部分。主要的ERP测量包括：（1）P300的变体，已知作为外化倾向的内在表型的认知处理指数，以及（2）错误相关负性（ERN），在线性能监控的测量。作为纳尔逊等人的后续研究。（印刷中），这项拟议的工作旨在：（1）确定先前记录的ERN幅度降低和外化倾向之间的关系是否适用于从不同任务条件捕获的ERN测量，（2）使用TF信号分析和心理测量分析方法来检查，ERN和P300振幅降低反映与外化相关的独特或相关神经缺陷的程度，以及（3）确定多变量心理生理复合变量在预测外化倾向方面是否可靠地优于单个ERP变量。通过完善测量的神经生理指标的去抑制，这项研究有望产生改进的方法，识别个体的生物风险的发展去抑制精神病理学，并定义亚组的神经影像学，神经化学和遗传学研究的机制的冲动控制障碍。此外，这些发现将产生适用于诊断和治疗反应研究的神经生理学目标变量。 公共卫生相关性：冲动控制障碍，包括反社会和成瘾，是严重的公共卫生问题。这项研究将利用创新的新EEG/ERP方法来促进对这种疾病倾向性的神经认知缺陷的理解。研究结果将产生更好的潜在风险的大脑指标，可以作为诊断和治疗监测的目标。