Perceived Fairness and Biological Stress Reactivity

描述（由申请人提供）：关于公平的信念是心血管健康的临床显著预测因子。公平信念通过其影响生物应激过程的能力对心血管健康至关重要。然而，具体种类的公平信念影响重要的生物应激途径的程度在很大程度上是未知的。最终，这些限制阻碍了研究人员更好地理解公平与心血管疾病的关系，以及评估以公平为导向的心血管干预措施的能力。本研究的长期目标是阐明公平在心血管健康中所起的作用，并确定公平是否是将种族主义、低社会地位和工作压力等其他风险因素与心血管疾病的后续生物介质联系起来的共同因果过程。本应用的目的是通过实验阐明公平信念的具体测量与多种生物应激途径之间的关系。本应用程序的中心假设是，程序和分配公平将独立和相互依赖地预测更多的适应性生物应激反应。此外，我们预计这些关系将反映在特质倾向和情境公平判断，以及多种生物和疾病相关的应激途径中。具体目标是：1)衡量分配公平性（有利结果）和程序公平性（他人的待遇）对生物应激反应的独特和互动贡献；2)衡量性格（特质）和情境诱导（状态）公平对生物应激反应的独特和交互贡献；3)测量公平信念与重要生物应激途径的关系，包括血液动力学反应性、HPA轴觉醒和促炎过程。拟议的研究将管理一个完善的和基于实验室的应力诱导范式的修改版本。在此过程中，本研究将通过实验评估特定种类的公平信念与多种生物应激途径之间的联系。该项目的公共卫生意义重大。也就是说，拟议的研究将为确定与疾病相关的模型以及确定和评估心理社会干预措施提供重要的一步。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Beliefs about fairness are a clinically significant predictor of cardiovascular health. Fairness beliefs are fundamentally important to cardiovascular health through their capacity to impact biological stress processes. However, the extent to which specific kinds of fairness beliefs influence important biological stress pathways is largely unknown. Ultimately, these limitations have impeded the capacity of researchers to better understand how fairness is implicated in cardiovascular illness, and also to evaluate fairness-oriented cardiovascular interventions. The long-term goal of this research is to elucidate the role played by fairness in cardiovascular health, and to determine whether fairness is a common causal process linking such other risk factors as racism, low SES, and work stress to subsequent biological mediators of cardiovascular illness. The objective of this application is to experimentally elucidate relationships between specific measurements of fairness beliefs and multiple biological stress pathways. The central hypothesis of this application is that procedural and distributive fairness will independently and interdependently predict more adaptive biological stress reactivity. In addition, we expect that these relationships will be reflected in both trait dispositions and situational judgments of fairness, and also in multiple biological and disease relevant stress pathways. The specific aims are to 1) measure the unique and interactive contributions of distributive (favorable outcomes) and procedural (treatment by others) fairness on biological stress reactivity; 2) measure the unique and interactive contributions of dispositional (trait) and situationally induced (state) fairness on biological stress reactivity; 3) measure relationships between fairness beliefs and important biological stress pathways, including markers of hemodynamic reactivity, HPA axis arousal, and pro-inflammatory processes. The proposed research will administer a modified version of a well established and laboratory-based stress induction paradigm. In doing so, this research will experimentally evaluate associations between specific kinds of fairness beliefs and multiple biological stress pathways. The public health implication of the project is significant. Namely, the proposed research will provide an important step towards defining disease relevant models, and for targeting and evaluating psychosocial interventions. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Beliefs about fairness predict both stress reactivity and incidence of cardiovascular illness. The proposed research will use experimental methodologies to assess independent and interdependent effects of multiple kinds of fairness beliefs on biological stress processes. The proposed research will carry important public health implications by elucidating the role of unique sources of fairness beliefs in important stress pathways, and by suggesting causal links between fairness and cardiovascular health.