Women's HIV Risk: Alcohol Intoxication, Victimization History & Partner Factors

女性感染艾滋病毒的风险：酒精中毒、受害史

基本信息

批准号：
8127656
负责人：
WILLIAM H GEORGE
金额：
$ 44.99万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-09-27 至 2012-09-14
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8127656
关键词：
21 year old AIDS diagnosis AIDS prevention Accounting Acute Address Adolescence Adult Affect Affective African African American Age Alcohol consumption Alcohol or Other Drugs use Alcoholic Intoxication Alcohols American Attitude Behavior Cause of Death Characteristics Child Sexual Abuse Childhood Cognitive Consumption Contracts Decision Making Distal Drug usage Esthesia Female Fostering Fright Glean HIV HIV Infections Habits Heterosexuals High Risk Woman Individual Infection Intervention Intoxication Knowledge Laboratories Learning Link Measures Mediating Mediation Mediator of activation protein Mental Health Modeling Myopia Only Child Patient Self-Report Population Prevention Prevention program Process Reaction Recording of previous events Research Risk Risk Behaviors Risk Factors Risk-Taking Role Sampling Science Self Efficacy Severities Sex Behavior Sexual Transmission Sexual abuse Sexuality Social Work Solid Substance abuse problem Underserved Population United States National Institutes of Health Unsafe Sex Victimization Woman aged alcohol effect alcohol expectancy analog binge drinking condoms contextual factors design dosage drinking experience high risk high risk sexual behavior in vivo men pressure research study response revictimization risk perception sex sex risk sexual assault sexual coercion sexual encounter sobriety social stem success theories

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary: HIV infection is currently the 6th leading cause of death among American women aged 25-34 years, and heterosexual contact accounts for 80% of HIV infections in women. Highly controlled laboratory experiments have indicated that alcohol intoxication fosters HIV-related risk behaviors; this may be particularly true among women with a history of child sexual abuse (CSA) or later sexual assault (SA), who it is estimated comprise over 20% of all women. Research has also shown CSA-positive (CSA+) and SA-positive (SA+) women are at higher risk of HIV infection than those without such a history. This heightened risk may in part be related to alcohol use. Because the bulk of the extant research has been descriptive and correlational, virtually nothing is known about how alcohol and contextual factors such as partner characteristics operate in-the-moment to affect sexual decision-making (SDM) processes of CSA+/SA+ women, potentially increasing their risk of contracting HIV. The present project addresses this knowledge gap. Two large scale alcohol administration experiments will examine risky SDM processes among female social drinkers, aged 21-30, with and without victimization histories, in an experimental dating analogue. Drawing on existing theory, one type of partner characteristic will be manipulated in each experiment: a recent partner's relationship potential (low v. high); and an ongoing partner's pressure to have unprotected intercourse (low pressure vs. high pressure). Alcohol myopia theory will be employed as a potentially useful theoretical framework. Possible mediators of the risky SDM-alcohol connection that will be investigated in-the-moment include risk perception, self-efficacy, and anticipated partner reaction to condom negotiation. Potential moderating influences of background characteristics will also be explored, including alcohol expectancies and drinking habits, sensation seeking, traumatic sexualization, condom attitudes and sexual experiences, as well as prior victimization factors, such as type, age, and severity. Relevance: The proposed studies will advance our understanding of in-the-moment dynamics of risky HIV-related decision-making and behavior in intoxicated and sober binge-drinking women who have and have not been sexually victimized. Findings will greatly inform designers of prevention programs, who remain frustrated in their efforts to stem the spread of HIV in women and eager to learn of new and promising targets for intervention. The information gleaned from the proposed studies could be used to design HIV prevention programs that work for social-drinking women, particularly those with a history of victimization, a substantial but underserved population.

描述（由申请人提供）：项目摘要：HIV感染目前是25-34岁的美国妇女中的第六大死亡原因，异性恋联系占妇女艾滋病毒感染的80％。高度控制的实验室实验表明，酒精中毒会促进与HIV相关的风险行为。在有儿童性虐待史（CSA）或以后的性侵犯（SA）的妇女中，尤其如此，估计占所有妇女的20％以上。研究还表明，与没有这种病史的CSA阳性（CSA+）和SA阳性（SA+）女性的HIV感染风险更高。这种增加的风险可能部分与饮酒有关。由于现有研究的大部分是描述性和相关性，因此几乎对酒精和上下文因素（例如伴侣特征）如何运作的情况下对CSA+/SA+妇女的性决策（SDM）过程的运作尚无任何了解，这可能会增加其合同HIV的风险。本项目解决了这一知识差距。在实验性约会类似物中，有两个大规模的酒精管理实验将检查21-30岁的女性社会饮酒者中有和没有受害历史的女性社会饮酒者的风险SDM过程。利用现有理论，每个实验中都会操纵一种类型的伴侣特征：最近的伴侣的关系潜力（Lowv。High）；以及一个持续的伴侣的压力，要进行不受保护的性交（低压与高压）。酒精近视理论将被用作潜在的有用的理论框架。将要研究的危险SDM醇连接的介体可能会在现场调查，包括风险感知，自我效能感和对避孕套谈判的预期伴侣反应。还将探索潜在的背景特征影响，包括预期酒精和饮酒习惯，寻求感觉，创伤性的性化，避孕套态度和性经历以及先前的受害因素，例如类型，年龄和严重性。相关性：拟议的研究将提高我们对与艾滋病毒相关的决策和行为的思维动态的理解，这些动态和醉酒和清醒的狂风饮用的妇女的妇女曾经也没有受到性伤害。调查结果将极大地告知设计师的预防计划，他们为阻止艾滋病毒在妇女中传播的努力而感到沮丧，并渴望了解新的和有希望的干预目标。从拟议的研究中收集的信息可用于设计预防艾滋病毒的预防计划，该计划适用于社交饮酒的妇女，尤其是那些有受害史的妇女，是一个大量但服务不足的人群。