Neuroanatomical and behavioral anomalies in persistent developmental stuttering

持续性发育性口吃的神经解剖学和行为异常

• 批准号: 8019694
• 负责人: JOSEPH S PERKELL
• 金额: $ 16.8万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8019694
• 关键词: Accounting; Acoustics; Affect; Anisotropy; Area; Articulators; Auditory; Behavioral; Brain; Cerebral cortex; Clinical Research; Computer Simulation; Correlation Studies; Data; Development; Developmental Stuttering; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Emotions; Fingers; Image; Investigation; Jaw; Knowledge; Larynx; Lead; Left; Measurement; Measures; Modeling; Motor; Motor output; Movement; Persons; Population; Production; Property; Protocols documentation; Reaction Time; Running; Speech; Statistical Data Interpretation; Structure; Stuttering; System; Testing; Time; Time Study; Tongue; auditory feedback; base; behavior measurement; design; gray matter; improved; insight; kinematics; motor control; neuroimaging; novel; psychologic; relating to nervous system; response; social; theories; treatment effect; treatment program; vocal cord; white matter

This project aims to systematically investigate relationships between structural anomalies in brains of persons who stutter (PWS) and functional properties of the speech motor system. The project's approach builds on recent important findings regarding white matter (WM) irregularities and other neuroanatomical anomalies in PWS by attempting to identify behavioral (kinematic and acoustic) correlates of these anomalies during speech and other auditory-motor tasks, and by providing mechanistic interpretations of these findings within an established computational modeling framework of the neural bases of speech. The project is comprised of two inter-related experimental investigations that utilize structural neuroimaging in combination with behavioral measures to investigate theoretically motivated hypotheses concerning possible neural deficits underlying stuttering. The neuroimaging involves the use of magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging in PWS and matched fluent controls to obtain subject-specific measures of a set of candidate neuroanatomical markers (quantitative measures of structural properties of white and gray matter) derived from prior findings. The first investigation studies correlations between the neuroanatomical markers and behavioral measures reflecting feedforward motor control: kinematic and reaction-time (RT) data collected from the subject groups while they perform carefully designed, simple RT and speech tasks. The second investigation studies correlations between the neuroanatomical markers and the use of auditory feedback in speech: data collected on the subjects' responses to real-time spectral and temporal perturbations in the auditory feedback of their own speech. Both investigations will also test for differences in the measures between the groups of PWS and controls, and will consider alternative hypotheses. Establishing relations between behavioral and neuroanatomical anomalies in stuttering should provide new insights into important structural substrates that could lead to or potentiate the expression of underlying neurofunctional deficits. Different combinations of neuro-structural and neuro-functional factors could be manifested in a range of influences on stuttering, from emotions to malfunctions of movement triggering and timing.

该项目旨在系统地研究人脑结构异常之间的关系 谁口吃（PWS）和言语运动系统的功能特性。该项目的方法建立在 最近关于白质（WM）不规则和其他神经解剖异常的重要发现 PWS 通过尝试识别言语期间这些异常的行为（运动学和声学）相关性 和其他听觉运动任务，并通过在一个范围内提供这些发现的机械解释 建立了语音神经基础的计算建模框架。 该项目由两个相互关联的实验研究组成，利用结构神经成像 结合行为测量来研究有关可能的理论假设 口吃背后的神经缺陷。神经影像学涉及使用磁共振成像和 PWS 中的扩散张量成像和匹配的流畅控制以获得一组特定于受试者的测量 候选神经解剖学标记（白质和灰质结构特性的定量测量） 来自先前的发现。第一项调查研究神经解剖标志物之间的相关性 反映前馈电机控制的行为测量：收集的运动学和反应时间 (RT) 数据 受试者执行精心设计的简单 RT 和语音任务时。第二个 调查研究了神经解剖学标记与听觉反馈的使用之间的相关性 语音：收集受试者对实时频谱和时间扰动的反应数据 他们自己讲话的听觉反馈。两项调查还将测试措施的差异 PWS 组和对照组之间的差异，并将考虑替代假设。 建立口吃行为和神经解剖异常之间的关系应该提供新的思路 深入了解可能导致或增强潜在神经功能表达的重要结构底物 赤字。可以表现出神经结构和神经功能因素的不同组合 影响口吃的因素有很多，从情绪到动作触发和时机的故障。