Spinal Processing of Descending Commands for Movement

脊髓处理下行运动命令

• 批准号: 8004466
• 负责人: Steve I Perlmutter
• 金额: $ 66.98万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8004466
• 关键词: Affect; Animals; Area; Ballistics; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain Injuries; Cells; Cervical; Cervical spinal cord structure; Computer Simulation; Consult; Data; Dystonia; Electric Stimulation; Environment; Feedback; Financial compensation; Fingers; Foundations; Future; Generations; Hand; Instruction; Interneurons; Intervention; Isometric Exercise; Knowledge; Lead; Limb structure; Macaca; Manitoba; Mechanics; Modeling; Monkeys; Motor; Motor Cortex; Motor Neurons; Movement; Muscle; Muscle Spindles; Musculoskeletal System; Nature; Neurons; Output; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Performance; Peripheral; Play; Positioning Attribute; Primates; Process; Property; Radial; Recovery; Recovery of Function; Rehabilitation therapy; Renshaw Cell; Research; Role; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Spinal; Spinal Cord; Spinal cord injury; Stroke; Testing; Therapeutic Intervention; Time; Universities; Work; Wrist; arm; awake; base; central nervous system injury; design; flexibility; grasp; improved; information processing; insight; mind control; motor deficit; motor impairment; operation; public health relevance; research study; response; somatosensory; spinal pathway; stroke recovery; virtual

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed experiments will elucidate the integration of descending and sensory signals by interneuronal pathways in the cervical spinal cord of the behaving monkey. The long-term objective of the work is to understand the contribution of spinal cord circuits to the control of normal and impaired voluntary movements of the primate arm. Ultimately, the work will lead to a search for therapies and interventions that can overcome the motor deficits associated with spinal cord injury and stroke. The specific aims of the project examine two broad issues. First, what are the mechanisms by which spinal interneuronal pathways integrate descending and feedback information to regulate the amplitude and timing of wrist and hand muscle activity during voluntary movements? Second, how does information processing in spinal pathways adapt muscle activity to expected and unexpected mechanical conditions? The activity of interneurons in the C5-T1 spinal segments will be recorded in awake monkeys performing several voluntary motor tasks with different instructions and under different loading conditions. These behaviors will include ballistic and slow tracking movements of the wrist, power and precision grips of the hand, and a reach-and-grasp task. The connectivity of the neurons will be identified with spike-triggered averages of muscle activity, and natural and electrical stimulation of peripheral afferents and descending pathways. Mechanical perturbations will be applied to test for the contribution of specific feedback pathways to ongoing and compensatory muscle activity. Neurons in primary motor cortex will be studied under the same conditions. Comparison of cortical and spinal responses will explore the nature of corticospinal processing during execution of voluntary arm and hand movements. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The experiments will provide new insights into the contribution of the primate spinal cord to the generation of a varied repertoire of accurate and flexible movements of the arm and hand. This information is essential for understanding spinal mechanisms of motor impairment and recovery following central nervous system injury. The project will lay the foundation for future studies on possible therapies or interventions to improve recovery from stroke and spinal cord injury.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的实验将阐明行为猴子颈脊髓中神经元间通路对下行和感觉信号的整合。这项工作的长期目标是了解脊髓回路对控制灵长类动物手臂正常和受损的自主运动的贡献。最终，这项工作将导致寻找治疗和干预措施，以克服与脊髓损伤和中风相关的运动缺陷。 该项目的具体目标是审查两个广泛的问题。首先，脊髓神经元间通路整合下行和反馈信息以调节随意运动期间腕和手肌肉活动的幅度和时间的机制是什么？第二，脊髓通路中的信息处理如何使肌肉活动适应预期和意外的机械条件？ 将在清醒的猴子中记录C5-T1脊髓节段中的中间神经元的活动，所述清醒的猴子使用不同的指令和在不同的负荷条件下执行若干自主运动任务。这些行为将包括手腕的弹道和缓慢跟踪运动、手的力量和精确抓握以及伸手抓取任务。神经元的连通性将通过肌肉活动的尖峰触发平均值以及外周传入和下行通路的自然和电刺激来识别。将应用机械扰动来测试特定反馈通路对持续和代偿性肌肉活动的贡献。 初级运动皮层中的神经元将在相同的条件下进行研究。比较皮质和脊髓的反应将探讨执行自愿手臂和手部运动过程中皮质脊髓处理的性质。 公共卫生相关性：这些实验将为灵长类动物脊髓对产生手臂和手的各种准确和灵活运动的贡献提供新的见解。这些信息对于理解中枢神经系统损伤后运动障碍和恢复的脊髓机制是必不可少的。该项目将为未来研究可能的治疗或干预措施奠定基础，以改善中风和脊髓损伤的恢复。