Mechanisms of Light Scattering in Living Tissue

活组织中的光散射机制

• 批准号: 8117566
• 负责人: Vadim Backman
• 金额: $ 32.81万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-12 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8117566
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Animal Model; Anisotropy; Architecture; Behavior; Biological; Biological Process; Biomechanics; Biophotonics; Biopsy; Case Study; Cell Communication; Cell Line; Cell Nucleus; Cell physiology; Cells; Cellular Structures; Colon Carcinoma; Communities; Complex; Computer software; Confocal Microscopy; Cytology; Cytometry; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Elastic scattering spectroscopy; Electromagnetics; Electron Microscopy; Epigenetic Process; Epithelial Cells; Equation; Event; Exhibits; Funding; Future; Genetic; Genetic Transcription; Goals; HT29 Cells; Image; Image Analysis; Interferometry; Laws; Length; Life; Light; Light Cell; Link; Location; Malignant - descriptor; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Malignant neoplasm of pancreas; Measures; Medical; Methodology; Methods; Microscopic; Microscopy; Modality; Modeling; Morphology; Mus; Nature; Nuclear; Optical Coherence Tomography; Optics; Organ; Phase; Play; Process; Property; Rattus; Refractive Indices; Research Personnel; Resolution; Role; Rough endoplasmic reticulum; Side; Signal Transduction; Simulate; Solutions; Source; Specimen; Spectrum Analysis; Staging; Stretching; Structure; Subcellular structure; System; Techniques; Time; Tissues; Transmission Electron Microscopy; Transport Process; Variant; Work; base; cancer type; carcinogenesis; cell behavior; computerized tools; design; diffuse optical tomography; genetic variant; heuristics; innovation; instrumentation; interest; light scattering; nanoscale; novel; open source; outcome forecast; protein folding; public health relevance; simulation; simulation software; tool; transmission process; user-friendly; vector

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project addresses development of novel analytical, computational and experimental methodologies to model and analyze light scattering in biological tissue. Elastic scattering is the dominant mechanism of light-tissue interaction, plays a fundamental role in all light transport processes, and has been widely employed to provide diagnostic information about tissue structure and composition. However, elastic scattering in such complex media as tissue has not been fully understood. Questions remain regarding the origins of scattering in tissue and the appropriate methods of interpreting scattering signals. Bridging this gap is the main objective of the project. We will focus on elastic light interactions for microscopy applications. This requires development of innovative computational and experimental solutions. The study will elucidate which cellular structures affect scattering signal and image formation, which morphological properties of cells can be studied optically and, equally importantly, which properties cannot be probed. In particular, the focus will be on sensing sub-diffractional, nanoscale properties of cells. We will develop a free, open-source, user-friendly finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) electromagnetic simulation software for use in biomedical light scattering applications. We will relate optical and ultrastructural properties of cells. Finally, using the computational and experimental methodologies developed in the course of the project, we will identify specific cellular origins of nanoarchitectural changes in early carcinogenesis. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Development of robust methods of analysis of light-tissue interaction will allow design of optical techniques for tissue diagnosis. In particular, the proposed work will facilitate development of a microscopic technique to identify some of the earliest alterations of cellular nanoarchitecture in carcinogenesis.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目致力于开发新颖的分析、计算和实验方法来建模和分析生物组织中的光散射。弹性散射是光与组织相互作用的主要机制，在所有光传输过程中发挥着基础作用，并已广泛用于提供有关组织结构和成分的诊断信息。然而，组织等复杂介质中的弹性散射尚未被完全理解。关于组织中散射的起源以及解释散射信号的适当方法仍然存在问题。缩小这一差距是该项目的主要目标。我们将重点关注显微镜应用中的弹性光相互作用。这需要开发创新的计算和实验解决方案。该研究将阐明哪些细胞结构影响散射信号和图像形成，细胞的哪些形态特性可以通过光学方法研究，同样重要的是，哪些特性无法探测。特别是，重点将放在感测细胞的亚衍射、纳米级特性上。我们将开发一款免费、开源、用户友好的时域有限差分 (FDTD) 电磁仿真软件，用于生物医学光散射应用。我们将联系细胞的光学和超微结构特性。最后，利用项目过程中开发的计算和实验方法，我们将确定早期致癌过程中纳米结构变化的特定细胞起源。 公共健康相关性：开发可靠的光-组织相互作用分析方法将允许设计用于组织诊断的光学技术。特别是，拟议的工作将促进显微技术的发展，以识别致癌过程中细胞纳米结构的一些最早的改变。