An Informatics Approach to Preventing Distracted Driving

防止分心驾驶的信息学方法

• 批准号: 8903192
• 负责人: Sara Seifert
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: MINNESOTA HEALTHSOLUTIONS CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2016-10-11
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8903192
• 关键词: Informatics; Approach; Preventing; Distracted; Driving

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of the project is to prevent young drivers from texting while driving. An improved technological intervention and a new distribution model for that intervention are proposed. In 2009, more than 5,400 people died in crashes that were reported to involve a distracted driver and about 448,000 people were injured. Among those killed or injured in these crashes, nearly 1,000 deaths and 24,000 injuries included cellphone use as the major distraction. The CDC reports in a 2012 national survey that 52% of U.S. drivers ages 18-29 reported texting or e-mailing while driving at least once in the last 30 days, and more than a quarter report texting or e-mailing "regularly" or "fairly often" while driving. Th proportion of drivers reportedly distracted at the time of a fatal crash has increased from 7 percent in 2005 to 11 percent in 2009. Many states are enacting laws to curb texting and cellphone use while driving; however the continued prevalence of this activity even where it is illegal illustrates the need for a technological solution. Technological solutions, in the form of hardware or software that block texting (interlocks) exist, but are not widely utilized. Hardware technologies require vehicle modifications, which limits their appeal. Almost all software technologies rely on GPS to provide vehicle velocity information as an interlock criterion. Texting is disabled when the phone is moving at more than 10 MPH for example. Unfortunately, this sensing modality cannot distinguish whether or not the smartphone is being used by a driver or passenger and therefore disables texting for all passengers in any vehicle under travel including public buses, school buses, trains, passengers in a car, etc. We propose a better software solution that can distinguish drivers from non-drivers and a new technology distribution strategy that will more effectively engage parents to use the solution.

 描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目标是防止年轻司机在开车时发短信。提出了一种改进的技术干预和一种新的分配模型。2009年，超过5，400人死于车祸，据报道涉及分心的司机，约448，000人受伤。在这些事故中丧生或受伤的人中，近1,000人死亡，24,000人受伤，其中使用手机是主要的分心因素。疾病预防控制中心在2012年的一项全国调查中报告说，52%的18-29岁的美国司机在过去30天内至少有一次在开车时发短信或电子邮件，超过四分之一的人在开车时“经常”或“相当经常”发短信或电子邮件。据报道，在发生致命车祸时分心的司机比例从2005年的7%上升到2009年的11%。许多州正在制定法律，限制开车时发短信和使用手机;然而，这种活动的持续流行，即使是在非法的地方，也说明了对技术解决方案的需求。以硬件或软件的形式存在阻止短信（互锁）的技术解决方案，但没有得到广泛利用。硬件技术需要对车辆进行修改，这限制了它们的吸引力。几乎所有的软件技术都依赖于GPS来提供车辆速度信息作为联锁标准。例如，当手机以超过10英里/小时的速度移动时，短信将被禁用。不幸的是，这种感测模态不能区分智能手机是否正在由驾驶员或乘客使用，并且因此禁止在任何行驶中的车辆中的所有乘客发短信，包括公共汽车、校车、火车、汽车中的乘客，我们提出了一个更好的软件解决方案，可以区分司机从非-驱动因素和新的技术分销战略，将更有效地吸引家长使用该解决方案。