Monomers and nanogel to improve adhesive resin structural integrity/durability

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国每年进行的超过10亿次牙科修复治疗中，大多数涉及树脂粘合复合材料的放置，并且承认牙医的大部分时间都花费在修改和更换这些修复体上，因此显然需要具有改进临床性能的材料。复合修复体不仅比牙科汞合金具有美学上的优势，而且还提供了一种将修复体粘附到牙本质和牙釉质上的方法。然而，由于湿键技术带来的挑战，在聚合这个关键界面之前、期间或之后的较长时间内，水诱导相分离的可能性，目前还不能可靠地获得一个强大的、完整的边界。该提案描述了与HEMA相比，新型水相容单体的开发计划，提供了改善反应性的潜力，避免了相分离，并产生了化学和机械上合理的聚合物网络。一种高度通用的技术已经发展用于制备纳米级（10 - 30nm）聚合物颗粒，具有分支控制，化学和反应位点的放置。这些反应性纳米凝胶可以很容易地以高浓度分散在二级单体中，然后渗透并随后与预聚物添加剂共聚。拟议的项目围绕三个具体目标构建：1)作为HEMA替代品或补充的水相容性单体将被开发，作为一种更好地保持粘接树脂均匀性和高交联密度的手段；2)纳米凝胶改性胶粘剂的积极初步结果将扩展到水分散的反应性纳米凝胶，它提供了增强的结构均匀性和稳定性，同时引入了不能作为自由单体分散在水中的成分；3)结合粘附层和界面成像的微/纳米力学性能表征将共同作为一种分析工具，以更好地了解现有材料中牙本质与粘附树脂相互作用的结构和性能，以及本文提出的先进粘合剂。我们希望将粘接树脂相的稳定性与胶原保护策略联系起来，包括胶原交联、抗菌活性和基于非迁移纳米凝胶平台的mmp抑制特性。该应用程序将提供对现有粘合剂系统的优点和缺点的更好理解，同时开发新材料，解决粘结牙科修复体的粘合剂和混合层中结构稳定性和耐久性的重大当前问题。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): With a majority of the more than 100,000 million dental restorative treatments performed in the US each year involving the placement of resin-bonded composite materials, and the acknowledgement that a large portion of a dentist's time is consumed with revising and replacing these restorations, there is a clear need for materials with improved clinical performance. Composite restoratives not only hold an esthetic advantage over dental amalgams, but they offer a means to adhesively bond the restoration to dentin and enamel. However, due to challenges imposed by wet bonding techniques, the potential for water-induced phase separation prior to, during or over extended intervals following polymerization of this critical interface, a strong, intact margin cannot currently be reliably obtained. This proposal describes the development plan for new water compatible monomers that compared with HEMA, offer the potential for improved reactivity, avoidance of phase separation and the production of chemically and mechanically sound polymer networks. A highly versatile technique has been developed for preparing nano-scale (10 - 30 nm) polymeric particles with control over branching, chemistry and reactive site placement. These reactive nanogels can be dispersed readily at high concentrations in secondary monomers, which then infiltrate and subsequently copolymerize with the prepolymer additives. The proposed project is constructed around three specific aims: 1) water-compatible monomers as alternatives to or in addition to HEMA will be developed as a means to better maintain homogeneity and high crosslink densities throughout adhesive resins; 2) the positive preliminary results with nanogel-modified adhesives will be extended into water-dispersible reactive nanogels that provide enhanced structural homogeneity and stability while introducing components that cannot be dispersed in water as free monomers; and 3) micro/nano-mechanical property characterization coupled with imaging of the adhesive layer and interfaces will be collectively used as an analytical tool to better understand structure and properties associated with the interaction between dentin and the adhesive resin in existing materials as well as the advanced adhesives proposed here. We expect to correlate the stabilization of the adhesive resin phase with collagen protection strategies that include collagen crosslinking, anti-bacterial activity and MMP-inhibiting properties based on the non-migrating nanogel platform. The application will provide an improved understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of existing adhesive systems, while developing new materials that address the significant current problems of structural stability and durability within the adhesive and hybrid layers of bonded dental restorations.