Tailored inhibitory control training to reverse EA-linked deficits in mid-life

定制的抑制控制训练可扭转中年与 EA 相关的缺陷

• 批准号: 8797794
• 负责人: Elliot Todd Berkman
• 金额: $ 29万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF OREGON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-30 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8797794
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Anterior; Anxiety; Area; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Brain; Cessation of life; Childhood; Cues; Data; Development; Disinhibition; Distal; Dorsal; Drug usage; Eating; Exposure to; Failure; Food; Goals; Health; Health system; Heart Diseases; Human; Individual; Inferior frontal gyrus; Intake; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Knowledge; Laboratories; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Malignant Neoplasms; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Middle frontal gyrus structure; Modeling; Neurocognitive; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Obesity; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Performance; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Protocols documentation; Psychological Transfer; Quality of life; Randomized; Reaction Time; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Risk-Taking; Sampling; Series; Specific qualifier value; Stimulus; System; Testing; Theoretical model; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Training; Treatment Efficacy; Work; active control; addiction; arm; base; biobehavior; cingulate cortex; cognitive neuroscience; community organizations; computerized; cost; cost effective; early experience; efficacy testing; emerging adult; executive function; experience; flexibility; forging; group intervention; improved; indexing; innovation; intervention effect; middle age; mind control; mortality; neuroimaging; neuroregulation; person centered; physical conditioning; post intervention; premature; programs; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; theories; young adult

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Early adversity (EA) in humans is a major contributing factor to a range of deleterious physical and mental health outcomes extending through adulthood such as depression and anxiety, obesity and heart disease, and premature death. In addition to detracting significantly from individual well-being and quality of life, these conditios also consume considerable resources from federal, state, and community organizations. The mechanisms through which EA exerts its effects on these outcomes are increasingly well understood, and include neurocognitive pathways related to executive function. An intervention that can successfully target, engage with, and alter the functioning of one or more of these mechanisms would be a promising way of mitigating the impact of EA on deleterious outcomes later in life. The proposed research focuses on one such pathway-deficits in inhibitory control (IC)-and tests the feasibility and efficacy of an intervention to increase functioning in that pathway in a sample of individuals who experienced EA. The intervention is grounded in a neurally informed model of change that specifies deficits in IC as an underlying causal factor common to several health-risking behaviors (HRBs). These IC deficits emerge during development as a result of a range of EA, and, critically, can be remediated in mid-life through targeted intervention. Research from our laboratory has validated an intervention that can increase IC performance and alter its underlying neural systems in young adults (Berkman, Kahn, & Merchant, 2014). The next step in this program of research, proposed here, is to test the efficacy of that intervention in a sample of mid-life individuals who have experienced EA and the extent to which our intervention generalizes to HRBs that are prevalent in that sample. The first Aim is to test whether the intervention alters the IC system in tasks both similar to and dissimilar from the training task in terms of both behavioral performance and neural functioning. The second Aim is to test whether alterations in the functioning of the underlying neural systems mediate the effect of the intervention on performance and The two Aims will be accomplished within the context of a single RCT with two arms (IC training vs. active control) and pre-post measurements of IC performance, IC neural systems, and HRBs. All participants (N = 110) come to the lab for an initial assessment of behavioral / neural measures of IC and HRBs, among other measures. Then, participants are randomly assigned to receive a Person-Centered Inhibitory Control (PeCIC) training or active control training, every other day for 3-4 weeks. The PeCIC systematically pairs IC engagement with alcohol, tobacco, and/or energy-dense food cues, depending on each participant's reports of disinhibited behavior in those domains. The active control task uses personalized cues and response time tasks but does not involve IC. Finally, participants return to the laboratory for an endpoint assessment where all baseline measures are repeated. The two Aims will be robustly tested in a series of analyses comparing the behavioral and neural change from pre- to post-intervention between the groups disinhibition-related HRBs.

 描述（由申请人提供）：人类的早期逆境（EA）是一系列有害身心健康结果的主要促成因素，这些结果延伸到成年期，如抑郁和焦虑、肥胖和心脏病以及过早死亡。除了大大降低个人的福利和生活质量外，这些条件还消耗了联邦、州和社区组织的大量资源。EA对这些结果产生影响的机制越来越被人们所理解，包括与执行功能相关的神经认知通路。一种能够成功地靶向、参与和改变这些机制中的一种或多种机制的功能的干预措施，将是减轻EA对以后生活中有害结果的影响的一种有希望的方法。拟议的研究集中在这样一个途径-抑制控制（IC）的赤字-和测试的可行性和有效性的干预措施，以增加在该途径中的个人经历了EA的样本功能。干预是基于一个神经告知模型的变化，指定赤字IC作为一个潜在的因果因素共同的几个健康风险行为（HRB）。这些IC缺陷出现在发展过程中，作为一系列EA的结果，并且，至关重要的是，可以通过有针对性的干预在中年进行补救。我们实验室的研究已经验证了一种干预措施，可以提高IC性能并改变年轻人的潜在神经系统（Berkman，Kahn和Merchant，2014）。本研究计划的下一步，在这里提出，是测试干预的有效性，在中年人谁经历过EA的样本和程度，我们的干预推广到HRB是在该样本中普遍存在。第一个目的是测试是否干预改变IC系统在任务相似和不同的训练任务的行为表现和神经功能。第二个目的是测试潜在神经系统功能的改变是否介导了干预对性能的影响，这两个目的将在具有两个组（IC训练与主动控制）的单个RCT以及IC性能、IC神经系统和HRB的前后测量的背景下实现。所有参与者（N = 110）来到实验室进行初步评估的行为/神经措施IC和HRB，以及其他措施。然后，参与者被随机分配接受以人为中心的抑制控制（PeCIC）训练或主动控制训练，每隔一天进行3 - 4周。PeCIC系统地将IC参与与酒精，烟草和/或能量密集的食物线索配对，这取决于每个参与者在这些领域的去抑制行为的报告。主动控制任务使用个性化的线索和响应时间任务，但不涉及IC。最后，参与者返回实验室进行终点评估，重复所有基线测量。这两个目标将在一系列分析中进行有力的测试，这些分析比较了与解除抑制相关的HRB组之间从干预前到干预后的行为和神经变化。