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ASTROCYTE-NEURONAL INTERACTIONS IN THE VISUAL CORTEX

视觉皮层星形胶质细胞与神经元的相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
8597430
负责人：
Ken Douglas McCarthy
金额：
$ 39.81万
依托单位：
UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-01-01 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8597430
关键词：
Animals Area Astrocytes Behavior Behavioral Biological Models Blood Vessels Blood flow Brain Calcium Calcium Signaling Cells Chelating Agents Clinical Coupled Development Disease Engineering Exhibits G-Protein-Coupled Receptors Genetically Engineered Mouse Genets Hippocampus (Brain)Hyperemia In Situ In Vitro Knock-out Laboratories Lateral Geniculate Body Lead Life Light Link Maintenance Measurable Microglia Modeling Mus Neurons Neurotransmitter Receptor Ocular Dominance Oligodendroglia Pathway interactions Physiology Play Process Relative (related person)Reporting Research Personnel Role Sensory Signal Transduction Slice Spinal Cord Synapses Synaptic Transmission Synaptic plasticity System Testing Vision Vision Disorders Visual Visual Cortex Visual Pathways Visual system structure abstracting area striata caged molecule cell type experience functional outcomes human CCR10 protein in vivo in vivo imaging novel therapeutics relating to nervous system release of sequestered calcium ion into cytoplasm response sensory stimulus

项目摘要

ABSTRACT Astrocytes are the predominate cell type in brain, closely associate with all other neural cell types, exhibit a wide array of neurotransmitter receptors, respond to neuronal activity, and release neuroactive molecules; in spite of this, we know very little about the role of these cells in physiology, behavior, or disease. A major limitation in this area is the lack of models that permit the study of astrocyte function in neural systems following sensory stimulation in living animals. To date, nearly all studies of astrocytic function have relied on pharmacological approaches to activate or inactivate signaling in these cells and to record the effects of their activity on surrounding cells in vitro or in situ. It is our view that progress in this area requires a model system where: 1) sensory input in living animals can be used to activate astrocytic signaling and, 2) behavioral readouts are available for determining the functional outcome of astrocytic signaling in vivo. To this end, we propose to use the mouse central visual pathway to investigate the role of astrocytic signaling cascades in synaptic transmission and plasticity as well as in vision. In Specific Aim 1 we will use well-characterized slices of primary visual cortex to examine the pathways and mechanisms regulating astrocytic signaling in situ. In Specific Aim 2 we will use in vivo imaging to determine if astrocytic calcium responses are spatially-restricted and important in the local control of vascular tone. In Specific Aim 3 we will use in vivo imaging and genetically- modified mice to investigate the role of astrocytes in visual plasticity. Finally, in Specific Aim 4 we will genet- ically engineered mice to investigate the role of astrocytes in vision, a behavioral readout of sensory input into the visual cortex. Overall, the results of these studies should clarify the conditions where sensory input leads to the activation of astrocytic signaling and the role of astrocytic signaling in synaptic transmission and vision.

摘要