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Migration and Child Health and Development: Effects and Mechanisms

移民与儿童健康和发展：影响和机制

基本信息

批准号：
9122126
负责人：
Yao Lu
金额：
$ 11.85万
依托单位：
COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-09-01 至 2018-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9122126
关键词：
Address Adolescence Adopted Affect Area Assimilations Attention Behavior Behavioral Caregiver Burden Child Child Development Child Rearing Child health care Childhood China Cognitive Communities Complement Complex Coping Skills Costs and Benefits Data Demography Development Developmental Process Dimensions Distress Economics Emigrations Emotional Environment Equation Family Family Caregiver Future Goals Growth Health Household Immigration Income Intervention Knowledge Lead Left Life Literature Local Government Measures Mediating Mediator of activation protein Mentors Methods Modeling Nomads Nonmigrant Only Child Out-Migrations Outcome Parents Pathway Analysis Pathway interactions Performance Process Psychometrics Reading Remittance Research Research Design Research Training Resources Risk Rural Schools Social Development Social Environment Social Network Social Welfare Social support Societies Sociology Staging Statistical Methods Structural Models Structure Subgroup Surveys Training Translating Urbanization Validation Work cognitive development comparison group coping cost design developmental psychology early childhood emerging adult experience falls improved intervention program migration peer physical conditioning programs psychosocial psychosocial development resilience skills social stressor theories

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Increasing globalization and urbanization worldwide have profoundly altered the state of the family in many societies. In particular, a sizeable fraction of children have experienced parental migration during the course of their c childhoods, either accompanying their migrant parents (migrant children) or left behind by one or both parents (left-behind children). Migration represents a distinct form of family transition and one that likely has important effects on child health and development. It often brings considerable economic improvement through increased income or remittances. But it also often adversely affects children's lives, by depriving children of parental presence or subjecting them to the difficulties of being uprooted and adapting to a new environment. The proposed research seeks to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the influences of migration on children than has been available to date, by analyzing secondary data and new survey data in China, a nation with a large number of migrant and left-behind children, estimated to be over 78 migrant children and left-behind children (emotional, social, behavioral, cognitive, educational, and physical health); and (b) how critical factors and contexts of children's development (i.e. caregivers/families, peers, schools, communities) mediate and moderate the effects of migration. The results will help develop a conceptual and analytic framework for evaluating migration and child health and development, and will add to both the child development literature and the migration literature. The proposed research will adopt an interdisciplinary perspective by integrating new skills and expertise into the PI's previous training and research in demography, sociology, and statistical methods for causal inference. The new areas of systematic training, to be obtained through specialized mentoring, formal coursework, guided readings, and seminars, include (1) developmental psychology (the spectrum of development and its process across different developmental stages from early childhood to early adulthood), (2) psychometrics and latent structure modeling (growth mixture modeling and structural equation modeling), (3) the social environment and contexts of child development (parental/familial, school, peer, and communal measures and influences), and (4) social network analysis relevant to child social development and relationships. The training will also include attention to issues related to cross-cultural developmental psychology, especially on how to conduct research and evaluate findings in different contexts. In summary, this training and research will enable the PI to launch a program of independent research at the intersection of demography and developmental psychology and pursue the new line of research on migration and child development. It will also help the PI to develop the capacity to construct a research framework and design that can inform future work and interventions in diverse settings affected by large-scale immigration or emigration.

描述（由申请人提供）：世界范围内日益全球化和城市化深刻地改变了许多社会的家庭状况。特别是，相当一部分儿童在童年时期经历过父母外出务工，要么随父母外出打工（流动儿童），要么被父母一方或双方留守（留守儿童）。移民代表了家庭过渡的一种独特形式，可能对儿童健康和发展产生重要影响。它常常通过增加收入或汇款带来可观的经济改善。但它也常常对儿童的生活产生不利影响，因为剥夺了儿童父母的陪伴或使他们面临背井离乡和适应新环境的困难。拟议的研究旨在通过分析中国这个拥有大量流动儿童和留守儿童的国家的二手数据和新的调查数据，对流动儿童和留守儿童的影响（情感、社会、行为、认知、教育和身体健康）进行分析，从而比迄今为止更全面地了解流动儿童和留守儿童的影响； (b) 儿童发展的关键因素和环境（即照顾者/家庭、同龄人、学校、社区）如何调节和缓和移徙的影响。研究结果将有助于制定一个评估移民和儿童健康与发展的概念和分析框架，并将丰富儿童发展文献和移民文献。拟议的研究将采用跨学科的视角，将新的技能和专业知识融入 PI 之前的培训和研究中人口统计学、社会学和因果推断的统计方法。通过专门指导、正式课程、引导阅读和研讨会获得的系统培训的新领域包括（1）发展心理学（从幼儿期到成年早期不同发展阶段的发展范围及其过程），（2）心理测量学和潜在结构模型（增长混合模型和结构方程模型），（3）儿童发展的社会环境和背景（父母/家庭，学校，同伴、社区措施和影响），以及（4）与儿童社会发展和关系相关的社交网络分析。培训还将关注与跨文化发展心理学相关的问题，特别是如何在不同背景下进行研究和评估研究结果。总之，此次培训和研究将使项目负责人能够在人口学和发展心理学的交叉领域启动一项独立研究计划，并探索移民和儿童发展的新研究方向。它还将帮助 PI 培养构建研究框架和设计的能力，为受大规模移民或移民影响的不同环境中的未来工作和干预措施提供信息。