Migration and Child Health and Development: Effects and Mechanisms

移民与儿童健康和发展：影响和机制

• 批准号: 8911709
• 负责人: Yao Lu
• 金额: $ 11.85万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8911709
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adopted; Affect; Area; Assimilations; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Caregiver Burden; Child; Child Development; Child Rearing; Child health care; Childhood; China; Cognitive; Communities; Complement; Complex; Coping Skills; Costs and Benefits; Data; Demography; Development; Developmental Process; Dimensions; Distress; Economics; Emigrations; Emotional; Environment; Equation; Family; Family Caregiver; Future; Goals; Growth; Health; Household; Immigration; Income; Intervention; Knowledge; Lead; Left; Life; Literature; Local Government; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; Nomads; Nonmigrant; Only Child; Out-Migrations; Outcome; Parents; Pathway Analysis; Pathway interactions; Performance; Process; Psychometrics; Reading; Remittance; Research; Research Design; Research Training; Resources; Risk; Rural; Schools; Social Development; Social Environment; Social Network; Social Welfare; Social support; Societies; Sociology; Staging; Statistical Methods; Structural Models; Structure; Subgroup; Surveys; Training; Translating; Urbanization; Validation; Work; cognitive development; comparison group; coping; cost; design; developmental psychology; early childhood; emerging adult; experience; falls; improved; intervention program; migration; peer; physical conditioning; programs; psychosocial; psychosocial development; resilience; skills; social; stressor; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Increasing globalization and urbanization worldwide have profoundly altered the state of the family in many societies. In particular, a sizeable fraction of children have experienced parental migration during the course of their c childhoods, either accompanying their migrant parents (migrant children) or left behind by one or both parents (left-behind children). Migration represents a distinct form of family transition and one that likely has important effects on child health and development. It often brings considerable economic improvement through increased income or remittances. But it also often adversely affects children's lives, by depriving children of parental presence or subjecting them to the difficulties of being uprooted and adapting to a new environment. The proposed research seeks to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the influences of migration on children than has been available to date, by analyzing secondary data and new survey data in China, a nation with a large number of migrant and left-behind children, estimated to be over 78 migrant children and left-behind children (emotional, social, behavioral, cognitive, educational, and physical health); and (b) how critical factors and contexts of children's development (i.e. caregivers/families, peers, schools, communities) mediate and moderate the effects of migration. The results will help develop a conceptual and analytic framework for evaluating migration and child health and development, and will add to both the child development literature and the migration literature. The proposed research will adopt an interdisciplinary perspective by integrating new skills and expertise into the PI's previous training and research in demography, sociology, and statistical methods for causal inference. The new areas of systematic training, to be obtained through specialized mentoring, formal coursework, guided readings, and seminars, include (1) developmental psychology (the spectrum of development and its process across different developmental stages from early childhood to early adulthood), (2) psychometrics and latent structure modeling (growth mixture modeling and structural equation modeling), (3) the social environment and contexts of child development (parental/familial, school, peer, and communal measures and influences), and (4) social network analysis relevant to child social development and relationships. The training will also include attention to issues related to cross-cultural developmental psychology, especially on how to conduct research and evaluate findings in different contexts. In summary, this training and research will enable the PI to launch a program of independent research at the intersection of demography and developmental psychology and pursue the new line of research on migration and child development. It will also help the PI to develop the capacity to construct a research framework and design that can inform future work and interventions in diverse settings affected by large-scale immigration or emigration.

描述（由申请人提供）：世界范围内日益增长的全球化和城市化深刻地改变了许多社会的家庭状况。特别是，相当大一部分儿童在童年时期经历过父母移徙，或者陪伴其移徙父母（移徙儿童），或者被父母一方或双方留下（留守儿童）。 移徙是一种独特的家庭过渡形式，可能对儿童健康和发展产生重要影响。它往往通过增加收入或汇款带来相当大的经济改善。但它也常常对儿童的生活产生不利影响，使儿童失去父母的陪伴，或使他们面临背井离乡和适应新环境的困难。拟议的研究旨在通过分析中国的二手数据和新的调查数据，更全面地了解移民对儿童的影响，中国是一个拥有大量移民和留守儿童的国家，估计超过78 流动儿童和留守儿童（情感、社交、行为、认知、教育和身体健康）;以及（B）儿童发展的关键因素和背景（即照顾者/家庭、同龄人、学校、社区）如何介导和缓和移民的影响。研究结果将有助于制定一个概念和分析框架，以评估移徙和儿童健康与发展，并将补充儿童发展文献和移徙文献。 拟议的研究将采用跨学科的视角，将新的技能和专业知识融入PI以前的培训和研究中， 人口统计学、社会学和统计方法进行因果推断。通过专业指导、正式课程、指导阅读和研讨会获得的系统培训的新领域包括：（1）发展心理学（2）心理测量学和潜在结构模型（生长混合模型和结构方程模型）;（3）儿童发展的社会环境和背景（父母/家庭，学校，同伴和社区的措施和影响），和（4）社会网络分析相关的儿童社会发展和关系。培训还将包括关注与跨文化发展心理学有关的问题，特别是如何在不同背景下进行研究和评估结果。总之，这种培训和研究将使PI能够在人口统计学和发展心理学的交叉点上启动一项独立研究计划，并开展关于移民和儿童发展的新研究。它还将帮助PI发展构建研究框架和设计的能力，这些框架和设计可以为受大规模移民或移民影响的各种环境中的未来工作和干预措施提供信息。