Community-Level Primary Prevention of Dating and Sexual Violence in Middle Schools

 描述（由申请人提供）：健康促进的社会规范标记方法是一种环境变化战略，其目标是围绕约会和性暴力的整个社会背景。虽然全社区的社会规范营销活动已成功实施，以解决一系列公共卫生问题，但研究尚未严格审查社会规范营销作为社区一级的约会和性暴力预防变革战略的有效性。了解社会规范宣传运动在促进环境变化方面的独特贡献，是了解其作为多层次预防暴力综合办法一部分的作用的至关重要的第一步。这项研究的结果将通过测试一个全面的，量身定制的，以数据为基础的社会规范营销活动，为中学解决误解做出重大贡献预防暴力的证据基础：1）约会和性暴力的可接受性; 2）性别角色; 3）性活动; 4）性沟通/同意; 5）对受害者的支持;和6）旁观者干预。将通过实施针对社区的海报、午餐和学习教师培训、社会规范视频、教师工作手册、家长邮件和家长信息会议，将学生、家长、教师和管理人员作为“社区误解的携带者”。一个学校资源提供者将与一个教师冠军合作，实施这一运动，并确定/解决“回扣”。为了确定项目效果的环境调节因素，资源提供者将与学校管理人员合作，进行社区准备评估，并记录可能影响约会和性暴力的社区特征，例如酒精出口数量和高度性感的广告牌或建筑物的存在。在完善和规划阶段，将通过与利益相关者的访谈、成立研究咨询委员会、咨询社会规范营销专家以及管理公开试点试验来完善运动和研究程序。在干预阶段，我们将在30所中学中进行一项分组随机试验，以证明该方法在降低约会和性暴力率方面的有效性，并在6个月的随访中促进社区规范的变化，相对于等待名单控制。在分析及发布阶段，我们会进行成本效益分析、拟备项目报告，以及与学校和科学界分享研究结果。研究人员和疾病预防控制中心RPE资助的社区机构在这项研究中的伙伴关系将建立当地能力，并确保该运动是可行和可持续的。如果被认为是成功的，这项研究的最终产品将确保该方法可以在中学作为多层次预防方法的一个组成部分随时实施。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The social norms marking approach to health promotion is an environmental change strategy that targets the entire social context surrounding dating and sexual violence. Whereas community-wide social norms marketing campaigns have been successfully implemented to address a range of public health issues, research has yet to rigorously examine the efficacy of social norms marketing as a community-level change strategy for dating and sexual violence prevention. Understanding the unique contribution of social norms marketing campaigns in promoting environmental change is a vital first step to understanding their role as part of a comprehensive multi-level violence prevention approach. Results of this research will make a significant contribution to the evidence base of violence prevention by testing a comprehensive, tailored, data-based social norms marketing campaign for middle schools that addresses misperceptions of: 1) the acceptability of dating and sexual violence; 2) gender roles; 3) sexual activity; 4) sexual communication/consent; 5) support for victims; and 6) bystander intervention. Students, parents, teachers and administrators will be targeted as "carriers of community misperceptions" through the implementation of community-specific posters, a Lunch and Learn Teacher Training, a Social Norms Video, a Teacher Workbook, a Parent Mailing, and a Parent Information Session. A School Resource Provider will work with a teacher champion to implement the campaign and identify/address "kick-back". To identify environmental moderators of program effects, the Resource Provider will work with school administrators to conduct a community readiness assessment, and document neighborhood characteristics that potentially influence dating and sexual violence, such as number of alcohol outlets and presence of highly sexualized billboards or buildings. In the Refinement and Planning Phase, stakeholder interviews, establishment of a Research Advisory Board, consultation with experts in social norms marketing, and administration of an open pilot trial will be used to refine the campaign and research procedures. In the Intervention Phase, we will conduct a group randomized trial among 30 middle schools to demonstrate efficacy of the approach in reducing rates of dating and sexual violence and promoting change in community norms over a 6-month follow-up, relative to a wait-list control. In the Analysis and Dissemination Phase, we will conduct cost-effectiveness analyses, prepare project reports, and share study findings with schools and the scientific community. Partnership between researchers and a CDC RPE-funded community agency in this research will build local capacity and ensure that the campaign is both feasible and sustainable. If deemed successful, the final products of this research will ensure that the approach can be readily implemented in middle schools as one component of a multi-level prevention approach.