TRIM2, a novel host factor that restricts New World Arenavirus infection

描述（由申请人提供）：新世界啮齿动物传播的出血热沙粒病毒（NWA），如Junin病毒，死亡率约为30%。虽然一种有效的朱宁病毒疫苗降低了疾病发病率，但这种疾病以及其他已知和新型的无疫苗或无有效治疗方法的NWAs的散发病例仍然存在。由于它们是通过气溶胶传播的，这些A类沙粒病毒也是潜在的生物恐怖主义制剂。我们最近对携带Junin糖蛋白的假型病毒进行了siRNA筛选，以寻找参与进入的宿主基因，这些基因可以作为治疗靶点。我们发现了许多先前未涉及病毒感染的基因，包括TRIM2， TRIM2是trim3基序（TRIM）家族的成员，该家族包括宿主对病毒感染的内在防御的众所周知的成员。我们发现TRIM2是一种抗病毒进入宿主因子。除了抗病毒活性外，TRIM蛋白还参与广泛的生物学功能，包括细胞增殖、泛素化、细胞凋亡和各种人类病理。在这里，我们将通过以下目的来研究TRIM2限制NWA感染的可能新机制：目的1：表征Junin病毒感染的哪些步骤受到TRIM2的影响。目的2：确定TRIM2如何限制Junin病毒感染。目的3：确定TRIM2是否在体内限制Junin病毒感染。这些研究将使我们能够确定TRIM2限制NWA感染的潜在独特机制，并使我们能够开发关键试剂，用于未来TRIM2在病毒感染和正常发育中的体内研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): New world rodent-borne hemorrhagic fever arenaviruses (NWA) such as Junin virus have about a 30% mortality rate. Although an effective Junin virus vaccine has decreased disease incidence, sporadic cases of this as well as the other known and novel NWAs for which there are no vaccines or effective therapeutics still occur. Because they are transmitted by aerosols, these Category A arenaviruses are also potential bioterrorism agents. We recently performed a siRNA screen with pseudotyped viruses bearing the Junin glycoprotein to find host genes involved in entry that could serve as therapeutic targets. We identified a number of genes not previously implicated in virus infection, including TRIM2, a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family that includes well-known members of the host's intrinsic defense against viral infections. We showed that TRIM2 is an anti-viral entry host factor. In addition to their antiviral activity, TRIM proteins are involved i a wide range of biological functions including cell proliferation, ubiquitinylation, apoptosis and a variety of human pathologies. Here we will investigate the likely novel mechanism by which TRIM2 restricts NWA infection by carrying out the following aims: Aim 1: Characterize which steps of Junin virus infection are affected by TRIM2. Aim 2: Determine how TRIM2 restricts Junin virus infection. Aim 3: Determine if TRIM2 restricts Junin virus infection in vivo. These studies will allow us to define the potentially unique mechanism by which TRIM2 restricts NWA infection and will allow us to develop critical reagents for future in vivo studies of TRIM2 in virs infection and in normal development.