A Community-Based Evaluation of Interventions for Orphans and Vulnerable Children

对孤儿和弱势儿童干预措施的社区评估

基本信息

批准号：
9119082
负责人：
ELENA L GRIGORENKO
金额：
$ 52.39万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-08-01 至 2020-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9119082
关键词：
AIDS prevention AIDS/HIV problem Academic achievement Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Address Administrator Adult Adverse effects Affect Africa Africa South of the Sahara Age Area Award Behavioral Brain Caregivers Caring Catchment Area Characteristics Child Child Care Child Development Child Support Church Cognitive Collaborations Communication Communities Computers Country Data Data Base Management Development Educational workshop Effectiveness Electronic Mail Ensure Epidemic Evaluation Research Foundations Funding Future HIV HIV Infections Health Health Services Accessibility Home environment Hospitals Household Human Resources Individual Infection Institution Intervention Lead Learning Life Living Arrangement Location Longitudinal Studies Methods Mission Orphan Outcome Outcome Study Parents Patients Personal Satisfaction Population Prevalence Primary Schools Program Evaluation Province Public Health Questionnaires Radial Recruitment Activity Reporting Research Research Personnel Research Project Grants Rural Rural Community Sampling Scholarship School Enrollments School-Age Population Schools Services Support System Surveys Sustainable Development System Time Training Translating Trust Visit Word Processing Work Zambia base child protection cognitive ability cognitive development cognitive testing community based evaluation design follow-up girls health care service informant learning outcome low and middle-income countries pandemic disease programs rural area skills social symposium tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Sub-Saharan Africa is characterized by high absolute rates of HIV/AIDS infection and high rates of new infections. There are approximately 16.6 million AIDS orphans (children who have lost one or both parents to HIV/AIDS), 14.8 million of whom live in sub-Saharan Africa1. These orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) are the focus of the proposed work. Specifically, we intend to work in Zambia, a sub-Saharan country with high rates of infection and as many as 600,000 children orphaned by HIV/AIDS and another 150,000 (ages 0-14) living with HIV/AIDS. Rather than focusing on specific OVC interventions, we will focus on all interventions administered within a 25km radius of a well-established regional hospital, Macha Mission Hospital (MMH), to assess their effects on the OVC in the area. We will do this in two steps. First, we will construct a representative sample of ~1,000 OVC, ages 7-17, and characterize them using an array of well-defined indicators that focus on their health, well-being, and cognitive, academic, and adaptive functioning. This characterization will be longitudinal, with at least 3 time points for each individual. Second, we will identify and characterize all interventions that are delivered to these OVC, first via information from the OVC themselves and their caregivers, then by surveying the providing organizations. Using a mixed-method design, we will assemble qualitative and quantitative evidence, describing key components of the existing programs to differentiate, at least preliminarily, the effectiveness of the present interventions. We hypothesize that interventions with a strong component aimed at safeguarding OVC access to continuous schooling of adequate quality will stand out as most promising with respect to ensuring OVC's developmental potential.

描述（由适用提供）：撒哈拉以南非洲的特征是艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染的绝对比率高，新感染率很高。大约有1660万个艾滋病孤儿（失去了一个或两个父母的艾滋病毒/艾滋病的孩子），其中1480万居住在撒哈拉以南非洲。这些孤儿和弱势儿童（OVC）是拟议工作的重点。具体来说，我们打算在赞比亚，一个撒哈拉以南国家，感染率很高，艾滋病毒/艾滋病的孤儿多达600,000名儿童，另外150,000（0-14岁）患有艾滋病毒/艾滋病。我们将不关注特定的OVC干预措施，而是专注于一家公认的区域医院MACHA MISSION HOSPESS（MMH）在半径25公里内进行的所有干预措施，以评估其对该地区OVC的影响。我们首先，我们将构建约1,000个OVC的代表性样本，年龄在7-17岁，并使用一系列定义明确的指标来表征它们，这些指标专注于他们的健康，幸福感和认知，学术和适应性功能。这种特征将是纵向的，每个人至少有3个时间点。第二，我们将确定并表征所有交付给这些OVC的干预措施，首先是通过OVC本身和他们的护理人员的信息，然后通过调查提供组织的信息。使用混合方法设计，我们将组装定性和定量证据，描述现有程序的关键组成部分，以至少初步地将当前干预措施的有效性区分。我们假设具有强大组成部分的干预措施旨在维护OVC的持续教育，这将是确保OVC发育潜力的最大希望。