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Severe LD in Juvenile Delinquents: Presentation, Course, and Remediation

青少年犯罪中的严重LD：介绍、课程和补救

基本信息

批准号：
9761327
负责人：
ELENA L GRIGORENKO
金额：
$ 55.95万
依托单位：
BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-01-12 至 2021-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9761327
关键词：
Academic achievement Academic skills Address Adolescent Area Attention Behavior Behavioral Big Data Big Data Methods Biological Biological Markers Categories Characteristics Child Clinical Communities Complex Criminology Crystallization Data Set Development Diagnostic Education Environment Epigenetic Process Etiology Exercise Extinction (Psychology)Fostering Foundations Future Genetic Geographic state Human Imprisonment Individual Intervention Justice Juvenile Delinquency Knowledge Knowledge acquisition Laws Lead Learning Learning Disabilities Light Link Literature Mathematics Methodology Modeling Nature Neurosciences Outcome Participant Pattern Performance Plant Roots Play Population Poverty Predictive Analytics Prevalence Psychology Reading Reporting Research Research Activity Research Personnel Research Project Grants Resources Risk Factors Role Sampling Science Scientist Secure Sociology Source Special Education Subgroup Surveys System Technology Time Underachievement Variant Writing Youth academic intervention base biological systems career computer science computerized conduct problem criminal behavior data mining design deviant disability empowered epigenetic marker genomic data high risk population improved juvenile delinquent juvenile justice system literacy longitudinal dataset mathematical ability member neglect neurophysiology next generation novel novel strategies peer post intervention recidivism remediation response service providers skills study population

项目摘要

SUMMARY Learning disabilities (LD) are among the most common types of disabilities in juvenile offenders that have been linked to delinquency. Nationwide, children and youth with special education needs are overrepresented in the US justice systems. Reports estimate delinquent juveniles with a disability to comprise about 30% to 60% of the entire delinquent population. A national survey in the US states an average prevalence rate of 33.4% of incarcerated juveniles with disabilities in correctional facilities. Moreover, concerns have long been raised on the recidivism rates of youth with disabilities and special education backgrounds. In general, regarding educational performance, academic deficits such as a lack of basic skills in reading, writing, and mathematics have been associated with recidivism. However, these studies largely neglect the dynamic nature of delinquent and criminal behavior that has been documented within the field of developmental criminology with a focus on the onset, continuity, and extinction of deviant behavior. In light of this research, the identification and remediation of LD as a risk factor for repeat offending has been a persistent challenge given the accumulation of and overlap with other risk factors such as poverty, familial patterns of criminality, influence of delinquent peers, and the differential impact of risk factors across an individual’s developmental trajectory. Altogether, there is a challenge around the implementation of sophisticated methodology to model the complex longitudinal and reciprocal links between juvenile delinquency and educational problems such as learning disabilities, and how they relate to other risk factors over time. This challenge is intensified by the required large samples to detect robust and interpretable patterns and predictive relationships for groups of youth with severe LDs that, by definition, are small in size and censored with regard to various educational outcomes (e.g., academic performance). This Hub is conceived to contribute to the field’s understanding of the connection between LD and delinquent behavior. Through its organizational and administrative activities (ADMINISTRATION CORE), the Hub will serve as a source of expertise to elucidate the etiology of the empirical overlap between severe LD and juvenile delinquency. Through its research activities (RESEARCH PROJECT), the Hub will generate unique findings capitalizing on the availability of the relevant big data, the clinical strengths of its members and their capacity to develop and administer educational therapy to juvenile offenders, and its embeddedness within communities empowering the creation and processing of multi-level longitudinal datasets, merging sociological (i.e., criminological), behavioral, neurophysiological, and genetic/genomic data.

总结