Role of Adult Connection in Violence Prevention Among Youth During Daily Activity

成人联系在青少年日常活动中预防暴力中的作用

• 批准号: 9049820
• 负责人: Alison J. Culyba
• 金额: $ 7.09万
• 依托单位: CHILDREN'S HOSP OF PHILADELPHIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9049820
• 关键词: 17 year old; Accident and Emergency department; Activities of Daily Living; Address; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Adult; African American; Age; Biometry; Case-Control Studies; Cause of Death; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Childhood; Cluster Analysis; Communities; Complex; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Data Analyses; Decision Making; Degree program; Development; Doctor of Philosophy; Enrollment; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Family; Family member; Fellowship; Foundations; Funding; Future; Grant; Guns; Healthy People 2020; Homicide; Individual; Injury; Instruction; Interpersonal Violence; Intervention; Investigation; K-Series Research Career Programs; Lead; Male Adolescents; Manuscripts; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Mentors; Methods; Morbidity - disease rate; Nature; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Patients; Play; Positioning Attribute; Process; Publications; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Project Grants; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Role; Structure; Surveys; Techniques; Training; Translational Research; Travel; United States National Institutes of Health; Victimization; Violence; Work; Youth; assault; base; built environment; career development; clinical epidemiology; cognitive development; data management; experience; grandparent; improved; innovation; mortality; multidisciplinary; novel; peer; physical assault; population based; protective effect; psychosocial development; public health relevance; response; risk perception; social; theories; violence perpetration; violence prevention; violence victimization; youth violence

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Interpersonal violence is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality amongst adolescents and is likely the end result of a complex interplay between individual, family, and environmental factors that are often dynamic across the adolescent years. Most research to date has focused on risk factors for violence perpetration and less is known about factors that protect youth from violence. Adult connection plays a crucial role in adolescent development and may play a role in limiting violence perpetration and victimization. However, research examining the association between adult connection and violent victimization is limited, often includes a limited age range, and has traditionally relied on self-report measures. Also, the effect of the environment on youth violence is poorly understood due to sparse and conflicting data. In response to this need, we propose to analyze data from an innovative population-based case control study (R01AA014944) that mapped the travel paths of adolescents' daily activities to identify risk factors for assault injury. Using this unique opportunity and novel methods we will more accurately measure the nature and strength of adult connection and neighborhood exposure in order to address the following specific aims: 1) To assess whether presence of adult connection is associated with decreased odds of violent assault injury in adolescent males; 2) To assess whether adolescent characterizations of connections (e.g. supportive vs. unsupportive) with adult family members are associated with decreased odds of violent assault injury in adolescent males, and determine which family connections are most salient; and 3) To assess whether adult connection is associated with differential exposure to neighborhood risk and protective factors over the course of daily activities. Through this analysis, the applicant will develop a deeper understanding of the association between adult connection and odds of assault injury, understand how the association may differ as adolescent- adult relationships change across development, examine the mechanisms through which adult connection may lead to decreased violence exposure, and identify opportunities to bolster adult connection and protect youth. This work is closely aligned with NIH, CDC and Healthy People 2020 priorities. The proposed research project will be in the context of the applicant completing requirements for a PhD in Clinical Epidemiology. The degree program will encompass intensive instruction in the fundamentals of epidemiology, biostatistics, study design, data management, and analytic methods, which will enhance and guide the research process of the applicant. The grant funding will enable additional multifaceted training and career development with complementary mentors with expertise in youth violence, spatial epidemiology, adolescent development, adolescent-adult relationships, community-based interventions, and translational research. The longer-term objectives of the applicant for this grant are to analyze the data, prepare manuscripts for publication, and use the results as a foundation for a future K award application.

 描述（由申请人提供）：人际暴力是青少年发病率和死亡率的主要原因，很可能是个人，家庭和环境因素之间复杂相互作用的最终结果，这些因素在青少年时期往往是动态的。迄今为止，大多数研究都侧重于暴力犯罪的风险因素，对保护青年免受暴力侵害的因素了解较少。成人联系在青少年发展中起着至关重要的作用，并可能在限制暴力行为和受害方面发挥作用。然而，研究成人联系与暴力受害之间的关联是有限的，往往包括一个有限的年龄范围，传统上依赖于自我报告的措施。此外，由于数据稀少和相互矛盾，人们对环境对青年暴力的影响知之甚少。 为了满足这一需求，我们建议分析一项创新的基于人群的病例对照研究（R 01 AA 014944）的数据，该研究绘制了青少年日常活动的旅行路径，以确定攻击性伤害的危险因素。利用这一独特的机会和新的方法，我们将更准确地测量成人联系和邻里接触的性质和强度，以解决以下具体目标：1）评估成人联系的存在是否与青少年男性暴力袭击伤害的几率降低有关; 2）评估青少年对联系的描述是否（例如支持与不支持）与青少年男性暴力袭击伤害的几率降低有关，并确定哪些家庭联系是最突出的; 3）评估成人联系是否与日常活动过程中对邻里风险和保护因素的不同暴露有关。通过这种分析，申请人将更深入地了解成人联系与攻击伤害几率之间的关联，了解青少年-成人关系在发展过程中的变化，这种关联可能会有所不同，研究成人联系可能导致暴力暴露减少的机制，并确定加强成人联系和保护青少年的机会。这项工作与NIH，CDC和Healthy People 2020优先事项密切相关。 拟议的研究项目将在申请人完成临床流行病学博士学位要求的背景下进行。该学位课程将包括流行病学，生物统计学，研究设计，数据管理和分析方法的基础知识的强化教学，这将增强和指导申请人的研究过程。赠款资金将使更多的多方面的培训和职业发展与补充导师与青少年暴力，空间流行病学，青少年发展，成人与成人的关系，基于社区的干预措施和转化研究的专业知识。申请人的长期目标是分析数据，准备出版手稿，并将结果作为未来K奖申请的基础。

项目成果

Promoting Resilience in Youth Who Are Violence-Involved.

促进遭受暴力的青少年的复原力。

• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Adolescent medicine: state of the art reviews
• 作者: Culyba,Alison;Ginsburg,Kenneth
• 通讯作者: Ginsburg,Kenneth

A LEGISLATIVE CASE STUDY OF THE EVOLUTION OF POLYVICTIMIZATION RESEARCH AND POLICY IMPLEMENTATION: MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS' DUTY TO ENGAGE IN PUBLIC POLICY ADVOCACY.

多重受害研究和政策实施演变的立法案例研究：心理卫生专业人员参与公共政策宣传的责任。

• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: William & Mary policy review
• 作者: Culyba,AlisonJourney;Patton,WilliamWesley
• 通讯作者: Patton,WilliamWesley