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Identifying parasite reservoirs in areas approaching elimination

确定即将消除的地区的寄生虫储存库

基本信息

批准号：
9102040
负责人：
Elizabeth Carlton
金额：
$ 17.76万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-07-01 至 2018-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9102040
关键词：
Address Adult Affect Aftercare Anemia Animal Model Archives Area Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)Child China Collaborations Complement Computing Methodologies DNA Sequence Data Future Genome Genomics Genotype Goals Growth and Development function Health Health education Helminthiasis Helminths High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing Human Individual Infection Infection prevention Life Liver Fibrosis Longitudinal Studies Measures Methods Microsatellite Repeats Parasites Parents Pathway interactions Population Prevalence Probability Research Research Personnel Resolution Sampling Sanitation Schistosoma Schistosoma japonicum Schistosomiasis Site Snails Source Staging Surveys Technology Testing Theoretical model Time cost density disorder control disorder prevention genomic data programs prospective sample collection tool transmission process

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Schistosomiasis causes liver fibrosis, anemia, impairs child growth and development, and affects 200 million people globally. While many people still lack access to basic treatment, schistosomiasis persists in some areas where aggressive disease control measures have been implemented for reasons we do not fully understand. In southwest China, for example, schistosomiasis has reemerged and persists despite multi-year disease control programs including treatment, health education, sanitation improvements and snail control. We aim to harness recent advances in genomics and leverage a prior longitudinal study of schistosomiasis reemergence in order to address two questions we view as essential to understanding the persistence of schistosomiasis: 1) do individuals with consecutive infections have persistent, uncured infections or incident infections and 2) are incident infections the progeny of local parasite populations observed previously? To answer these questions, we will optimize a recently developed high-throughput reduced representation method, restriction-site- associated DNA sequencing (RADSeq), to assess Schistosoma japonicum genomic diversity at high- resolution. Parasites will be obtained from an archive of S. japonicum miracidia collected from 2007 to 2010 and prospective infection surveys conducted as part of this project, allowing analysis of helminth diversity and relatedness over a seven year period. S. japonicum miracidia will be analyzed using existing microsatellite genotyping methods and RADSeq. The parallel analysis using both microsatellites and RADSeq will allow us to compare statistical power and efficiency of coarse-vs. high-resolution measures of genomic diversity and evaluate optimal sampling strategies for future projects. Our research synthesizes expertise at the forefront of genomics and schistosomiasis control, with the broad goal of advancing efforts to interrupt the transmission of schistosomiasis and other human helminthiases.

描述（由申请人提供）：血吸虫病会导致肝纤维化、贫血、损害儿童生长发育，影响全球 2 亿人。虽然许多人仍然无法获得基本治疗，但血吸虫病在一些地区仍然存在，而这些地区已经实施了积极的疾病控制措施，原因我们尚不完全了解。例如，在中国西南部，尽管实施了多年的疾病控制计划，包括治疗、健康教育、改善卫生设施和灭螺，血吸虫病仍然再次出现并持续存在。我们的目标是利用基因组学的最新进展，并利用先前对血吸虫病复发的纵向研究，以解决我们认为对于了解血吸虫病持续存在至关重要的两个问题：1）连续感染的个体是否有持续的、未治愈的感染或偶发感染；2）偶发感染是否是先前观察到的当地寄生虫种群的后代？为了回答这些问题，我们将优化最近开发的高通量简化表达方法，限制性位点相关DNA测序（RADSeq），以高分辨率评估日本血吸虫基因组多样性。寄生虫将从 2007 年至 2010 年收集的日本沙门氏菌档案中获得，并作为该项目的一部分进行前瞻性感染调查，从而可以分析七年期间的蠕虫多样性和相关性。将使用现有的微卫星基因分型方法和 RADSeq 来分析 S. japonicum miracidia。使用微卫星和 RADSeq 的并行分析将使我们能够比较粗略与粗略的统计能力和效率。基因组多样性的高分辨率测量并评估未来项目的最佳采样策略。我们的研究综合了基因组学和血吸虫病控制前沿的专业知识，其总体目标是推进阻断血吸虫病和其他人类蠕虫病传播的努力。