Neural representation of the geometry and functionality in a scene

 描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的目标是调查大脑如何表示场景几何形状和功能。识别视觉环境是我们与世界日常互动的核心。当我们走进一个新的空间时，我们会迅速意识到是否有一条路可以走，是否有可跨越的边界，是否有障碍物阻挡了我们的视线和潜在的导航。该提议的理论框架基于这样的证据，即在大脑中的一组场景选择区域上存在不同但互补的场景表示水平（Park等人，2011; Park等人，2014; Park & Chun，2009; Park，Chun，&约翰逊，2010; Park，Intraub，Yi，Widders，& Chun，2007）。PI建议场景几何形状（例如，空间布局、三维场景边界）和功能（例如，可导航性、边界的限制）是在这些区域中表示的两个基本场景属性。具体目标：目的1调查大脑是否显示出对垂直边界存在的急性敏感性，以及这种敏感性如何被边界呈现给观众的潜在导航的功能障碍所调制。目的2研究场景可导航性的神经表示，以及这种表示与场景几何表示的不同之处。目的3研究真实的世界场景的神经表征是否受到场景时空背景知识的调制，这对场景的功能非常重要。在她的整个目标中，PI测试了成年人处理场景和空间信息的内侧颞叶区域：特别关注海马旁回和压后皮质的前部和后部。方法包括单变量和多体素fMRI模式分析（线性支持向量机分类和代表性相似性分析）结合两个区域的兴趣（ROI）为基础的和全脑为基础的（搜索灯）的方法。整个提案的假设和初步结果表明，场景几何表示在海马旁回，而场景功能表示在压后皮质。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of the proposed research is to investigate how the brain represents scene geometry and functionality. Recognizing the visual environment is central to our daily interactions with the world. When we walk into a new space, we rapidly recognize whether there is a path to follow, whether there are crossable boundaries, and whether there are obstacles that block our view and potential navigation. The theoretical framework of this proposal is based on evidence that there are distinct but complementary levels of scene representation across a group of scene-selective regions in the brain (Park et al., 2011; Park et al., 2014; Park & Chun, 2009; Park, Chun, & Johnson, 2010; Park, Intraub, Yi, Widders, & Chun, 2007). The PI proposes that scene geometry (e.g., spatial layout, three-dimensional scene boundary) and functionality (e.g., navigability, limitations of a boundary) are two fundamental scene properties represented in these regions. Specific Aims: Aim 1 investigates whether the brain displays acute sensitivity to the presence of vertical boundaries, and how such sensitivity is modulated by the functional impediment that a boundary presents to the viewer's potential navigation. Aim 2 investigates the neural representation of the scene navigability, and how this representation differs from representation of scene geometry. Aim 3 investigates whether the neural representation of real world scenes is modulated by acquired knowledge about the spatio-temporal context of a scene, which are important for functionality of a scene. Throughout her aims, the PI tests medial temporal lobe regions in human adults that process scene and spatial information: with particular focus on anterior and posterior parahippocampal gyri and retrosplenial cortex. Methods include univariate and multi-voxel fMRI pattern analyses (linear support vector machine classification and representational similarity analysis) in combination with both region-of-interest (ROI) based and whole-brain based (search light) approaches. Hypothesis and preliminary results throughout the proposal suggest that scene geometry is represented in the parahippocampal gyrus, while scene functionality is represented in the retrosplenial cortex.