Microfluidic Chips for Biomonitoring

 描述（由申请人提供）：环境科学和技术中最令人兴奋的发展之一是新兴的“生物学”领域，即，使用包括血液、尿液和唾液在内的人类样本，对反映个人环境中暴露复杂性的大量分析物（“干扰物组”）进行快速和灵敏的检测，这些样本可能可从前瞻性和回顾性流行病学队列中获得。然而，目前缺乏可以对这些样品进行高灵敏度、高特异性和多分析物检测的技术平台，特别是小体积的技术平台。液相色谱-电喷雾电离质谱（LC-ESI/MS）是用于蛋白质和代谢物的大规模定量和定性分析的最强大的技术，即，蛋白质组学和代谢组学。尽管在国家生物监测计划（NBP）中已经使用了各种质谱方法，但是由于目标分析物的浓度极低，它们通常需要相对大的样品体积用于血浆和血清分析。这使得它们对于收集和储存非常小体积的血液的多种分析物的群体研究是不切实际的。作为对RFA-ES-14-005的回应，Newomics Inc.提出了这个SBIR第二阶段项目，以完成其产品的开发，完全集成的硅微流控芯片，作为一个新的平台，快速和灵敏的生物监测多种和 多类分析物。该项目是建立在我们的SBIR第一阶段项目产生的非常有前途的结果。我们的新型微芯片单片接口固相萃取（SPE）与液相色谱（LC）-纳米电喷雾质谱（nanoESI-MS）在一个单一的设备。SPE-LC-MS芯片，我们称之为“生物监测芯片”，将作为一个低成本的通用平台，使用小体积的生物样本（包括血液样本）实现高灵敏度，高特异性，高通量，多路复用和多分析物生物监测。我们的生物监测芯片将为流行病学研究提供新的机会，这些研究旨在通过基于MS的代谢组学，蛋白质组学和人类生物标本中不同类别分析物的内收组学分析来表征个体代谢组。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One of the most exciting developments in environmental science and technology is the emerging field of "exposomics", i.e., rapid and sensitive detection of large sets of analytes ("exposome") reflecting the complexity of exposure in the personal environment using human specimens including blood, urine, and saliva, which are likely to be available from both prospective and retrospective epidemiological cohorts. However, technology platforms that could perform high-sensitivity, high-specificity, and multi-analyte detection of these samples, particularly in small volumes, are currently lacking. Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS) is the most powerful technique for large-scale quantitative and qualitative analyses of proteins and metabolites, i.e., proteomics and metabolomics. Although a variety of mass spectrometry approaches have been used in the National Biomonitoring Program (NBP), they typically require relatively large sample volumes for plasma and serum analyses because of the extremely low concentrations of target analytes. This renders them impractical for population studies of multiple analytes where very small volumes of blood are collected and stored. In response to RFA-ES-14-005, Newomics Inc. proposes this SBIR Phase II project to complete development of its product, the fully-integrated silicon microfluidic chips, as a new platform for rapid and sensitive biomonitoring of multiple and multiclass analytes. The project is built upon the extremely promising results generated from our SBIR Phase I project. Our novel microchips monolithically interface solid-phase extraction (SPE) with liquid chromatography (LC)-nanoelectrospray mass spectrometry (nanoESI-MS) on a single device. The SPE-LC-MS chips, which we term "Biomonitoring Chips", will serve as a low-cost universal platform for enabling high-sensitivity, high-specificity, high-throughput, multiplexed, and multi-analyte biomonitoring using small volumes of biospecimens including blood samples. Our biomonitoring chips will offer new opportunities for epidemiologic studies which seek to characterize individual exposomes through MS-based metabolomics, proteomics, and adductomics analyses of diverse classes of analytes in human biospecimens.