Intergenerational Impact of Genetic and Psychological Factors on Blood Pressure

描述（由申请人提供）：这项由NEW研究者主导的纵向研究是对（PA-11-104）的回应，将检查：(1)GXE遗传和心理环境因素（歧视、抑郁和父母行为）对3至5岁非裔美国人（AA）儿童健康的影响；(2)GXE对AA妇女和儿童高血压（HTN）的风险。本项目的总体目标是描述AA母亲感知到的种族歧视、心理健康和养育行为随时间影响其自身和幼儿血压的心理生物学（GXE相互作用）机制。我们的研究将检查遗传（候选基因和表观遗传效应）和心理（母亲感知的种族歧视、心理健康和育儿行为）相互作用对该人群BP的影响。我们将采用心理生物学方法：利用纵向队列研究设计的心理和生物学评估，采用两步候选基因和表观遗传学方法，并使用祖先信息标记来解释群体分层混合，以探索GXE对AA母亲和儿童BP的相互作用。本研究的数据分析将使用多种混合建模、交叉验证和错误发现率方法进行。我们将招募250名3至5岁的AA儿童及其（n=250）母亲/母亲照顾者。我们将在两年内每六个月评估一次母婴因素。目的1：在两年的时间里，研究母亲种族歧视感知的GXE相互作用和表观遗传效应及其对BP的影响。目的2：研究GXE相互作用和母亲心理健康状况（抑郁症状）的表观遗传效应及其对BP的影响，为期两年。目的3：在两年的时间里，研究GXE相互作用和母亲养育行为的表观遗传效应及其对BP的影响。我们的项目通过对妇女和幼儿的健康和疾病进行基础研究，支持国家妇女研究所“促进和改善个人、家庭、社区和人口健康”的使命。拟议的研究通过整合生物（遗传学）和行为（心理学）成分来扩展护理科学，这些成分可以告知导致美国AAs具有最高HTN发生率的多层次因素的组合。我们项目的发现有助于开发针对遗传和心理因素的干预措施，以减少HTN的这些风险。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This resubmission of a NEW INVESTIGATOR led longitudinal study is in response to (PA-11-104) and will examine: (1) the impact of (GXE) genetic and psychological environmental factors (discrimination, depression, and parenting behaviors) on the health of African American (AA) children aged 3 through 5 years and (2) the GXE risk for hypertension (HTN) in AA women and children. The overall goal of this project is to delineate the psychobiological (GXE interaction) mechanisms through which AA mothers' perceived racial discrimination, mental health, and parenting behavior affect their own and their young children's blood pressure (BP) over time. Our research will examine both genetic (candidate gene and epigenetic effects) and psychological (maternal perceived racial discrimination, mental health, and parenting behavior) interaction effects on BP on this population. We will employ a psychobiological approach by: utilizing psychological and biological assessments using a longitudinal cohort research design, a 2-step candidate gene and epigenetic methodology, and use of ancestry informative markers to account for population stratification admixture to explore GXE interactions on BP in AA mothers and children. Data analysis for the study will be conducted using multiple mixed modeling, cross-validation, and false discovery rate methods. We will enroll 250 AA children aged 3 through 5 years and their (n=250) mothers/maternal caregivers. We will assess mother and child factors every six months for 2 years. We propose the following: Aim 1: Examine the GXE interaction and epigenetic effects of mothers' perceived racial discrimination and its influence on BP over a period of two years. Aim 2: Examine the GXE interaction and epigenetic effects of mothers' mental health status [symptoms of depression] and its influence on BP over a period of two years. Aim 3: Examine the GXE interaction and epigenetic effects of mothers' parenting behavior and its influence on BP over a period of two years. Our project supports NINR's mission "to promote and improve the health of individuals, families, communities, and populations" by conducting basic research on the health and illness of women and young children. The proposed research extends nursing science by integrating the biological (genetics) and behavioral (psychology) components that can inform the combination of multi-level factors that contribute to AAs having the highest incidence of HTN in the US. Findings from our project can contribute to developing interventions that address genetic and psychological factors to reduce these risks for HTN.