Fermentor and analyses tools

发酵罐和分析工具

• 批准号: 344972-2007
• 负责人: Hill, Gordon
• 金额: $ 8.74万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments - Category 1 (<$150,000)
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2006-01-01 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=325619
• 关键词: Fermentor; analyses; tools

Bioethanol production and consumption as a liquid fuel is growing rapidly in North America. For instance, in the United States it now represents over 1% of all motor vehicle fuel consumption.  Bioethanol provides a net energy surplus while simultaneously providing an alternate market for agricultural raw materials and reducing greenhouse gases emitted to the environment.  By improving the efficiency of the overall bioethanol process, it is possible to further improve the net energy gain and reduce the overall processing costs.  We have previously shown that starch particles can be directly converted to bioethanol in a single vessel, removing the energy requirements to cook the biological feed materials.  In the first half of this project, we are further improving this new simultaneous cold starch hydrolysis and fermentation process by creating genetically altered yeast cells capable of producing enzymes needed to directly convert starch particles to bioethanol.  This will reduce the cost of our new process by removing the need to purchase costly hydrolysis enzymes. In the second half of this proposal, we are studying the ability of new bioreactor designs to capture and bioremediate PAHs and volatile organic chemicals, including ethanol, from industrial waste streams.  VOCs contribute to global pollution including the greenhouse gas effect.  Our project involves replacing the currently used packed bed biofilm reactor with a submerged circulating loop bioreactor or a fluidized bed bioreactor.  Submerged bioreactors prevent toxic effects and drying out the packing while fluidized beds can improve performance due to better mass transfer and prevention of bioreactor plugging problems.

生物乙醇作为液体燃料的生产和消费在北美迅速增长。例如，在美国，它现在占所有机动车燃料消耗的1%以上。生物乙醇提供了净能源盈余，同时为农业原料提供了一个替代市场，并减少了向环境排放的温室气体。通过提高整个生物乙醇过程的效率，有可能进一步提高净能量增益并降低总体加工成本。我们之前已经证明，淀粉颗粒可以在一个容器中直接转化为生物乙醇，从而消除了烹饪生物饲料材料的能量需求。在这个项目的前半部分，我们通过创造转基因酵母细胞来进一步改进这种新的同步冷淀粉水解和发酵过程，这种酵母细胞能够产生直接将淀粉颗粒转化为生物乙醇所需的酶。这将通过消除购买昂贵的水解酶的需要来降低我们新工艺的成本。在该提案的后半部分，我们正在研究新的生物反应器设计的能力，以捕获和生物修复多环芳烃和挥发性有机化学物质，包括乙醇，从工业废水流。挥发性有机化合物造成了包括温室气体效应在内的全球污染。我们的项目是用浸没式循环循环生物反应器或流化床生物反应器取代目前使用的填料床生物膜反应器。浸没式生物反应器可以防止毒性作用和干燥填料，而流化床可以提高性能，因为更好的传质和防止生物反应器堵塞问题。