Atmosphere-surface CO2 exchange in arctic coastal marine environments

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

Understanding the flux of CO2 between the polar oceans and atmosphere is important for assessing potential greenhouse gas forcing and other climate feedbacks.  Accurate descriptions of the fluxes and mitigating properties of the ocean, ice and atmosphere system are critical so that accurate CO2 budgets may be attained.  This programme seeks to provide a description of process whereby CO2 is exchanged between polar marine surfaces and the atmosphere over coastal shore, estuary and shelf environments and to evaluate and refine our ability to estimate the air-sea exchange of CO2 using currently available satellite observations.  Support is requested to support the acquisition of unique air-sea flux data over five years over coastal marine surfaces in Baffin Bay, the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Hudson Bay and the east coast of Greenland.  Measurements of the gas flux will be made using eddy correlation, largely from ice-based towers, although ship-based observations will also be available.  Data describing the physical and chemical properties of the snow, sea ice and upper water column will also be collected and general information on associated biology will be available through collaborations.  The measurement program will emphasize the characterization of casual relationships between these properties and the atmospheric flux, and therefore will permit the verification and development of parameterizations, and will forward our understanding on the relationships between the physical climate system, CO2 exchange and basic geophysical, biogeochemical and biological properties of the sea ice and ocean, as well as the kinematics of the gas exchange.  The data will be obtained over ice-free marine surfaces during several cruises of the CCGS Amundsen and from ice stations.  The work will be done in 'piggy-back' mode, as part of ArcticNet, and therefore ancillary information on meteorology (wind speed, air temperature, sea surface temperature and salinity, humidity, cloud cover, rawinsondes, etc.) and microclimate (radiation fields, heat budget) will be available.