Atmosphere-surface CO2 exchange in arctic coastal marine environments

北极沿海海洋环境中的大气-地表二氧化碳交换

• 批准号: 227538-2006
• 负责人: Papakyriakou, Timothy
• 金额: $ 1.11万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2008-01-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=393519
• 关键词: Atmosphere; surface; CO2; exchange; arctic

Understanding the flux of CO2 between the polar oceans and atmosphere is important for assessing potential greenhouse gas forcing and other climate feedbacks.  Accurate descriptions of the fluxes and mitigating properties of the ocean, ice and atmosphere system are critical so that accurate CO2 budgets may be attained.  This programme seeks to provide a description of process whereby CO2 is exchanged between polar marine surfaces and the atmosphere over coastal shore, estuary and shelf environments and to evaluate and refine our ability to estimate the air-sea exchange of CO2 using currently available satellite observations.  Support is requested to support the acquisition of unique air-sea flux data over five years over coastal marine surfaces in Baffin Bay, the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Hudson Bay and the east coast of Greenland.  Measurements of the gas flux will be made using eddy correlation, largely from ice-based towers, although ship-based observations will also be available.  Data describing the physical and chemical properties of the snow, sea ice and upper water column will also be collected and general information on associated biology will be available through collaborations.  The measurement program will emphasize the characterization of casual relationships between these properties and the atmospheric flux, and therefore will permit the verification and development of parameterizations, and will forward our understanding on the relationships between the physical climate system, CO2 exchange and basic geophysical, biogeochemical and biological properties of the sea ice and ocean, as well as the kinematics of the gas exchange.  The data will be obtained over ice-free marine surfaces during several cruises of the CCGS Amundsen and from ice stations.  The work will be done in 'piggy-back' mode, as part of ArcticNet, and therefore ancillary information on meteorology (wind speed, air temperature, sea surface temperature and salinity, humidity, cloud cover, rawinsondes, etc.) and microclimate (radiation fields, heat budget) will be available.

了解极地海洋和大气之间的CO2通量对于评估潜在的温室气体强迫和其他气候反馈非常重要。冰和大气系统是获得准确的CO2收支的关键。本方案试图提供一个过程的描述，其中CO2在极地海洋表面和在沿海海岸、河口和大陆架环境上空的大气，并评价和改进我们利用现有卫星观测估计CO2的海气交换的能力。哈德逊湾和格陵兰岛东海岸。气体通量的测量将使用涡动相关法进行，主要来自冰基塔，尽管也可以使用船基观测。描述雪的物理和化学性质的数据，还将收集海冰和上层水柱，并通过合作提供有关生物学的一般资料。测量方案将强调这些性质与大气通量之间的因果关系的特征，因此将允许验证和发展参数化，并将促进我们对海冰和海洋的物理气候系统、CO2交换与基本地球物理、地球化学和生物特性之间的关系以及气体交换的运动学的理解。这些数据将在CCGS Amundsen的几次巡航期间在无冰海洋表面和冰站获得。工作将以“背负”模式进行，作为北极网的一部分，因此也提供了气象学辅助信息（风速、气温、海面温度和盐度、湿度、云量、无线电探空仪等）。和微气候（辐射场，热收支）将是可用的。