Integrated disinfection strategies for treatment of drinking water

饮用水处理的综合消毒策略

• 批准号: 341515-2007
• 负责人: Rand, Jennie
• 金额: $ 1.31万
• 依托单位: Acadia University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2007-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=362478
• 关键词: Integrated; disinfection; strategies; treatment; drinking

In drinking water distribution systems, bacteria and other pathogens tend to cluster on pipe surfaces, otherwise known as the formation of biofilm.  Disinfection is a key step for minimizing this formation, which has the potential to lead to an increase in pathogenic microorganisms.  Suppliers will often utilize primary and secondary disinfectants in combination in the treatment process for different reasons, and although this is a widely used practice little emphasis has been placed on the potential for synergistic benefits between disinfectants.  Synergistic benefits would include an enhanced ability to reduce bacteria in distribution systems when the disinfectants "work together".  There have been few studies published that were designed specifically to investigate synergy, especially using UV light for the treatment of drinking water.  Previous work done by Dr. Rand has established in laboratory tests that synergy exits between UV light and chlorine-based disinfectants for removing Escherichia coli (E. coli).  It was also found in field studies through simulating distribution systems that there was potential for synergistic benefits.  To calculate synergy, a concept presented by Koivunen et al. (2005) was adopted, which stated that synergy was present when the removal of a combined disinfection strategy was greater than the sum of removals achieved by each disinfectant alone.  Although this is a useful equation, it relies on disinfectant efficacy alone.  Therefore, it is difficult to apply in long-term studies, where pipe material, water quality, nutrient supply and other issues would play a serious role in the formation of biofilm.  However, if synergy could be quantified realistically, this could lead to suppliers being able to reduce more pathogenic microorganisms without increasing disinfectant dosages.  The purpose of this research is to investigate the potential for synergy between disinfectants under different conditions and to develop a model to quantify synergy so that utilities might be able to simulate their systems without long-term bench and pilot studies.

在饮用水分配系统中，细菌和其他病原体往往聚集在管道表面，也称为生物膜的形成。消毒是减少这种形成的关键步骤，这可能导致病原微生物的增加。供应商通常会在处理过程中出于不同的原因使用初级和二级消毒剂，尽管这是一种广泛使用的实践，但很少强调消毒剂之间的协同效益的潜力。协同效益将包括当消毒剂“一起工作”时减少分配系统中细菌的增强能力。很少有专门设计来研究协同作用的研究发表，兰德博士先前的工作已经在实验室试验中确定了紫外线和氯基消毒剂之间存在协同作用，用于去除大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）。大肠杆菌）。通过模拟分配系统的现场研究还发现，存在潜在的协同效益。为了计算协同效应，采用了Koivunen等人（2005）提出的概念，该概念指出，当联合消毒策略的去除量大于每种消毒剂单独实现的去除量之和时，存在协同效应。尽管这是一个有用的公式，它依赖于单独的消毒效果。因此，很难应用于长期研究，其中管道材料，水质，营养供应和其他问题将在生物膜的形成中发挥重要作用。但是，如果协同作用可以现实地量化，这可能导致供应商能够在不增加消毒剂剂量的情况下减少更多的病原微生物。研究的目的是调查不同条件下消毒剂之间协同作用的潜力，并开发一个模型来量化协同作用，以便公用事业能够模拟其系统，而无需长期的实验室和试点研究。