Fungal hyphal morphogenesis

真菌菌丝形态发生

• 批准号: 203696-2007
• 负责人: Kaminskyj, Susan
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2007-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=364857
• 关键词: Fungal; hyphal; morphogenesis

The goal of my research program is to better understand factors that control fungal cell shape generation. Fungal impacts on humans and on general ecology include both major beneficial and detrimental effects, ranging from recycling and biotechnology to pathogenesis. In order to better use or control fungal activities, we need improved understanding of their growth, metabolism, reproduction, and environmental responses. In addition, although fungi have few cell types and simple cell structures compared to animals, fungal and animal physiology are fundamentally similar. This facilitates medically relevant knowledge transfer from experimental studies using fungi.     My research uses complementary approaches 1) characterization of cell shape mutants in the bread mold fungus, Aspergillus nidulans, and 2) high resolution structural and biochemical studies to develop better tools for understanding ther relationship between cell form, function, and composition.     My research group has made major strides in understanding two key genes, A. nidulans hypA and hypB that control related but distinct pathways in cell growth and shape controls. These genes are particularly important because both have been shown to coordinate cell growth and nuclear division. In animals, which are physiologically related to fungi, loss of control of cell shape or cell proliferation leads to cancer. The human genome has genes related to hypA and hypB. Basic experiments can be done easily and quickly in fungi, so that the results can be used in medical research.     In the coming funding cycle we will clarify relationships and functions of these genes, and explore how they cause death versus growth in the two distinct cell types that form A. nidulans colonies. We will apply our newly-developed bioanalytical tools (atomic force microscopy, and synchrotron infrared spectroscopy) to characterizatio of critical stages in the fungal life cycle, and to exploration of the biochemical consequences of fungal growth in diverse environments.

我的研究计划的目标是更好地了解控制真菌细胞形状生成的因素。真菌对人类和一般生态的影响包括主要的有益和有害影响，从回收和生物技术到发病机制。为了更好地利用或控制真菌活动，我们需要更好地了解它们的生长，代谢，繁殖和环境反应。此外，虽然真菌与动物相比具有较少的细胞类型和简单的细胞结构，但真菌和动物生理学基本相似。这有助于从使用真菌的实验研究中转移医学相关知识。 我的研究使用互补的方法1）表征面包霉菌，构巢曲霉中的细胞形状突变体，2）高分辨率结构和生化研究，以开发更好的工具来理解细胞形式，功能和组成之间的关系。 我的研究小组在理解两个关键基因方面取得了重大进展，在细胞生长和形状控制中控制相关但不同的途径的nidulans hypA和hypB。这些基因特别重要，因为它们都被证明可以协调细胞生长和核分裂。在生理上与真菌相关的动物中，细胞形状或细胞增殖失控会导致癌症。人类基因组中有与hypA和hypB相关的基因。基础实验可以在真菌中轻松快速地完成，因此结果可以用于医学研究。 在接下来的资助周期中，我们将阐明这些基因的关系和功能，并探索它们如何在形成A的两种不同细胞类型中引起死亡和生长。nidulans菌落。我们将应用我们新开发的生物分析工具（原子力显微镜和同步辐射红外光谱）来表征真菌生命周期中的关键阶段，并探索真菌在不同环境中生长的生化后果。