Groundwater - surface water interactions in coastal and inland settings

沿海和内陆地区地下水与地表水的相互作用

• 批准号: 8492-2006
• 负责人: Smith, Leslie
• 金额: $ 3.84万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2008-01-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=389768
• 关键词: Groundwater; surface; water; interactions; coastal

This project focusses on the interactions between surface water and groundwater in both coastal and inland settings. Groundwater discharge can be an important pathway for delivering either excess nutrients, or contaminants such as heavy metals, to the near-shore marine environment.  This setting is hydrologically very dynamic, as a result of tidal fluctuations and the daily movement of seawater into coastal aquifers at high tide.  One element of the project is designed to enhance our capability to measure the spatial and temporal variations in the exchange of water and dissolved chemicals across this important interface.  The study also examines the factors controlling the extent of contaminant dilution as a plume moves through the tidal mixing zone in an aquifer, before it discharges on the beach face where aquatic receptors reside.  In inland settings, the project will examine the interactions between groundwater flow, groundwater withdrawals for water supply, and impacts on stream flow during low-flow conditions.  In the Fraser Valley of British Columbia, it is likely that the long-term sustainable use of groundwater will be constrained by the cumulative effects of groundwater withdrawals on stream habitat during low-flow conditions.  Modeling approaches will be developed that provide a much-improved capability for projecting large-scale, long term impacts of groundwater development on streamflow. In a third component of this study, we will be examining the capability of existing theories to describe water infiltration through partially saturated, heterogeneous porous media.  This study will focus on a unique data set that has been collected to describe the movement of water through waste rock piles, which are found at nearly all mine sites.  This study will contribute to an improved capability for understanding and managing the long-term impacts on groundwater and surface water associated with mine operations and closure. It will also be applicable to other settings that involve infiltration into coarse, heterogeneous sediments.

该项目重点研究沿海和内陆环境中地表水和地下水之间的相互作用。地下水排放可能是将过量营养物或重金属等污染物输送到近岸海洋环境的重要途径。  由于潮汐波动和海水每天在涨潮时流入沿海含水层，这种环境在水文方面非常动态。  该项目的一个要素是旨在增强我们测量这一重要界面上水和溶解化学物质交换的空间和时间变化的能力。  该研究还研究了当羽流穿过含水层潮汐混合区，然后排放到水生受体所在的海滩表面时，控制污染物稀释程度的因素。  在内陆地区，该项目将研究地下水流量、供水用地下水抽取量以及低流量条件下对溪流流量的影响之间的相互作用。  在不列颠哥伦比亚省的弗雷泽河谷，地下水的长期可持续利用可能会受到低流量条件下地下水抽取对溪流栖息地的累积影响的限制。  将开发建模方法，为预测地下水开发对径流的大规模、长期影响提供显着改进的能力。在本研究的第三个组成部分中，我们将检验现有理论描述水通过部分饱和的非均质多孔介质渗透的能力。  这项研究将重点关注一个独特的数据集，该数据集已被收集来描述水通过废石堆的运动，这些废石堆几乎在所有矿场都存在。  这项研究将有助于提高了解和管理与矿山运营和关闭相关的地下水和地表水的长期影响的能力。它还适用于涉及渗透到粗糙、异质沉积物的其他环境。