Energy efficiency optimization of variable-speed AC drives in motor and generator operations

提出的研究计划的目的是利用虚拟模型方法研究电机和发电机运行中变速交流驱动器的实时能量优化控制。所提出的研究方法涉及电机的实时仿真，从而产生精确的驱动器虚拟模型，该模型为无传感器操作提供速度测量，为直接转矩或磁场控制操作提供磁通和转矩测量，以及为能量优化算法提供损耗测量。将研究交流驱动器的实时仿真，并考虑FPGA实现方法。为了保持准确，虚拟模型必须跟踪真实驱动器的运行条件，并相应地调整参数。交流驱动的损耗机制将被研究，损耗模型将被发展到包括在转换器和机器实时模型中。损耗模型既要考虑功率变换器中的导通和开关损耗，又要考虑机器中的饱和、迟滞、涡流和杂散损耗。研究了基于变流器开关频率最小和机器磁链自适应的能效优化控制方案。首先提出了基于虚拟模型的控制方法和能量优化算法，并进行了仿真验证。它们将使用可重构计算机进行实时实现和测试，该计算机包括FPGA和DSP，用于控制和虚拟模型计算。虚拟模型系统的验证将通过硬件在环测试来完成。

The objective of the proposed research program is to investigate the real-time energy optimization control of variable-speed AC drives in motor and generator operations using a virtual model approach. The methodology of the proposed research involves the real-time simulation of electrical machines resulting in an accurate virtual model of the drive which provides speed measurement for sensorless operation, flux and torque measurement for direct torque or field control operation, and losses measurement for energy optimization algorithm. Real-time simulation of AC drives will be investigated and FPGA implementation approach will be considered. To stay accurate, the virtual model must track the operating conditions of the real drive and consequently adjust the parameters. Losses mechanisms in AC drives will be studied and losses models will be developed to include in converter and machine real-time models. Losses model has to take into account both conduction and switching losses in the power converter and saturation, hysteresis, eddy currents and stray losses in the machine. Energy efficiency optimization control schemes based on minimization of the converter switching frequency and on machine flux adaptation will be studied. The virtual model based control method and energy optimization algorithm are first developed and evaluated by simulation. They will be implemented and tested in real-time using a reconfigurable computer that includes both FPGA and DSP for control and virtual model calculations. Validation of the virtual model system will be done by hardware-in-the-loop testing.