Energy efficiency optimization of variable-speed AC drives in motor and generator operations

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The objective of the proposed research program is to investigate the real-time energy optimization control of variable-speed AC drives in motor and generator operations using a virtual model approach. The methodology of the proposed research involves the real-time simulation of electrical machines resulting in an accurate virtual model of the drive which provides speed measurement for sensorless operation, flux and torque measurement for direct torque or field control operation, and losses measurement for energy optimization algorithm. Real-time simulation of AC drives will be investigated and FPGA implementation approach will be considered. To stay accurate, the virtual model must track the operating conditions of the real drive and consequently adjust the parameters. Losses mechanisms in AC drives will be studied and losses models will be developed to include in converter and machine real-time models. Losses model has to take into account both conduction and switching losses in the power converter and saturation, hysteresis, eddy currents and stray losses in the machine. Energy efficiency optimization control schemes based on minimization of the converter switching frequency and on machine flux adaptation will be studied. The virtual model based control method and energy optimization algorithm are first developed and evaluated by simulation. They will be implemented and tested in real-time using a reconfigurable computer that includes both FPGA and DSP for control and virtual model calculations. Validation of the virtual model system will be done by hardware-in-the-loop testing.