Ecosystem response to perturbation at multiple spatial scales

生态系统对多个空间尺度扰动的响应

• 批准号: 350434-2007
• 负责人: VanLaerhoven, Sherah
• 金额: $ 11.32万
• 依托单位: University of Windsor
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2008-01-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=402067
• 关键词: Ecosystem; response; perturbation; multiple; spatial

We use greenhouses as a model to study the structure of food webs and interactions of various guilds in response to changes in temperature and food web complexity into our model ecosystem. Commercial greenhouses represent newly created ecosystems every year as plants are introduced. Because they are contained ecosystems, we can manipulate both the abiotic and biotic components to determine the stability of the system. Specifically, we propose to build ecosystems of varying trophic complexity within a greenhouse environment, then challenge the ecosystem with climatic changes (temperature), changes in upper trophic guilds (introduction of predators, parasites, omnivores), and changes in primary producer guilds (introduction of plant community complexity) in order to measure the role of these factors on ecosystem stability and response to perturbation. We propose to use a combination of small scale laboratory experiments with large scale greenhouse experiments in order to measure the effect of perturbation at multiple scales. All experiments will be conducted at three scales: small leaf arenas for direct behavioural observations; small 0.5m2 cages for short-term population-level studies and greenhouse compartment studies for long-term food-web stability studies. Interactions within and between trophic levels will be measured using direct behavioural observations, leaf counts of insects for population monitoring, prey preference and mortality rate experiments as well as stable isotope ratios for determination of predator and omnivore diets.

我们使用温室作为模型来研究食物网的结构和各种行会对温度和食物网复杂性变化的反应。随着植物的引进，商业温室每年都代表着新创造的生态系统。因为它们是包含的生态系统，我们可以操纵非生物和生物成分来确定系统的稳定性。具体而言，我们建议在温室环境中构建不同营养复杂性的生态系统，然后通过气候变化（温度）、上层营养行会的变化（引入捕食者、寄生虫、杂食动物）和初级生产者行会的变化（引入植物群落复杂性）来挑战生态系统，以衡量这些因素对生态系统稳定性和对扰动的响应的作用。为了在多尺度上测量扰动的影响，我们建议采用小尺度实验室实验与大尺度温室实验相结合的方法。所有的实验将在三个尺度上进行：用于直接行为观察的小树叶舞台；用于短期人口水平研究的0.5平方米的小笼子和用于长期食物网稳定性研究的温室隔间研究。将使用直接行为观察、用于种群监测的昆虫叶片计数、猎物偏好和死亡率实验以及用于确定捕食者和杂食性饮食的稳定同位素比率来测量营养水平内部和之间的相互作用。