Microbial sulfur geochemistry in acid environments

酸性环境中微生物硫地球化学

• 批准号: 222879-2008
• 负责人: Warren, Lesley
• 金额: $ 1.86万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2009-01-01 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=425015
• 关键词: Microbial; sulfur; geochemistry; acid; environments

Canada is a world leader in mining and mineral exploration and associated technologies to promote environmentally sustainable mining practises. However AMD remains a significant and growing Canadian water quality issue. Microorganisms are widespread across aquatic environmental systems where they affect many important geochemical processes. The proposed research will carry out one of the first comprehensive monitoring programs evaluating microbial S geochemistry in situ. Integrated floc S geochemistry and microbial community will be investigated under environmentally characterized conditions over seasonal and annual scales. Field results will capture the synergistic interactions amongst these factors in a key and poorly studied aquatic compartment, suspended floc, providing a more realistic and necessary map of microbially driven S oxidation and acid generation in acidic mine waters. Companion laboratory experiments will delineate the roles of poorly studied, microbially relevant and common mine environmental factors such as Fe(III) and NO3- as drivers for microbial floc S geochemistry. The short term goals of the proposed research will specifically constrain the role of suspended floc as a reactive microbial compartment involved in acid generation, the magnitude of bacterially driven acid generation over seasonal and annual timescales, and evaluate the ecological diversity of Acidithiobacilli floc S geochemistry in situ in acid mine systems. This research will generate (1) new fundamental understanding of key processes involved in AMD generation (2) new diagnostic indicators for more accurate surveillance and monitoring programs and (3) new strategies for mitigation and bioremediation improving the health and quality of life for Canadians. This interdisciplinary field and laboratory program will train 3 PhD and up to 5 undergraduate HQP in leading edge environmental geochemical and microbiological techniques.

加拿大是世界领先的采矿和矿物勘探及相关技术，以促进环境可持续的采矿业。然而，AMD仍然是一个重要的和不断增长的加拿大水质问题。微生物在水环境系统中广泛分布，影响着许多重要的地球化学过程。 拟议的研究将进行第一个全面的监测计划，评估微生物S地球化学原位之一。综合絮凝物S地球化学和微生物群落将在季节和年度尺度上的环境特征条件下进行调查。现场结果将捕捉这些因素之间的协同作用，在一个关键的和研究不足的水生隔室，悬浮絮凝物，提供了一个更现实和必要的地图微生物驱动的S氧化和酸生成酸性矿山沃茨。 配套实验室实验将描绘的作用，研究不足，微生物相关的和常见的矿山环境因素，如铁（III）和NO3-作为驱动程序的微生物絮凝物S地球化学。 拟议的研究的短期目标将具体限制的作用，悬浮絮凝物作为一个反应性的微生物室参与产酸，细菌驱动的产酸量在季节性和年度的时间尺度，并评估生态多样性Acidithiobacilli絮凝物S地球化学原位酸性矿山系统。 这项研究将产生（1）对AMD生成中所涉及的关键过程的新的基本理解（2）用于更准确的监测和监测计划的新诊断指标和（3）改善加拿大人健康和生活质量的缓解和生物修复的新战略。 这个跨学科的领域和实验室计划将培养3名博士和多达5名本科生HQP在领先的环境地球化学和微生物学技术。