The origin of base metal mineralizing brines

2005年，加拿大开采的所有矿物商品，包括金属、非金属和煤炭的总价值增加到264亿美元，因此，采矿业是加拿大经济的重要贡献者。这项建议涉及研究一系列古代热液贱金属矿床类型。尽管这些沉积物过去在地壳不同的温度和深度下形成，但它们都是由大量热水形成的。这些流体含有大量的溶解氯，这些氯与金属离子形成络合物，使它们能够通过水从金属源区输送到矿床形成的区域。在这种矿床中，成矿溶液的液滴可以作为流体包裹体被捕获在矿物中，并保留成矿流体的化学和它们形成的环境的证据。这里提出的研究涉及继续支持一个新的实验室，专门分析这些古老的流体，特别是研究这些流体的氯、溴和氯同位素组成。这些技术已成功地用于识别成矿系统中氯的来源，在某些情况下，还识别了流体本身的来源，这使我们能够约束特定贱金属矿床是如何形成的模型。

The total value of all mineral commodities mined in Canada, including metals, non-metals and coal, increased to $26.4 billion in 2005 and, thus, the mining industry is a significant contributor to the Canadian economy. This proposal is concerned with studying a range of ancient hydrothermal base metal mineral deposit types. Although these deposits formed in the past at different temperatures and depths in the Earth's crust all of them were formed by large volumes of hot water. These fluids contain significant amounts of dissolved chlorine, which formed complexes with the metal ions and allowed them to be transported by the water from the metal source regions to the area where the ore deposit formed. In such ore deposits, droplets of the mineralizing solution can be trapped in minerals as fluid inclusions and retain evidence of the chemistry of the mineralizing fluids and the environment in which they formed. The research proposed here is concerned with the continued support of a new laboratory dedicated to the analyses of these ancient fluids and in particular the study of the chlorine, bromine and chlorine isotopic composition of the fluids. These techniques have been successfully used to recognise the source of chlorine in mineralizing systems and, in some cases, also the source of the fluid itself, which allows us to constrain models of how a particular base metal deposit was formed.