CO2 reforming of hydrocarbon gases

二氧化碳是温室气体的主要成分，人类对化石燃料的大量开采和利用，使温室气体排放量达到历史最高水平，导致全球气候变暖，极端和破坏性气候活动更加频繁。为了禁止这种对我们环境的有害影响，人们一直在开发二氧化碳封存技术，包括地质封存、深海封存和化学转化，以减少并最终消除二氧化碳向大气的排放。甲烷和其他轻质烃的二氧化碳重整，也称为干重整，将二氧化碳转化为合成气，由合成气合成许多商品化学品和产品，形成二氧化碳的化学利用途径之一。然而，阻碍其商业化的障碍是缺乏工业上令人满意的用于干重整的催化剂。为了克服这一障碍，萨斯喀彻温大学的Hui Wang博士采用的策略是首先开发实验室规模的高活性、超稳定和选择性好的催化剂，在实际原料或模拟含有可能污染物的实际原料下评估可接受的催化剂，制造工业成型催化剂，在更大规模上研究催化剂性能，包括传质和传热，并对该过程进行建模以进一步扩大规模。在NSERC Discovery基金的支持下，王博士和他的学生成功开发了一种复合催化剂，该催化剂经过2000小时的寿命测试，显示出高活性和选择性，但没有明显的失活。在此成功之后，该项目也得到了NESERC的Dicovery赠款的支持，研究了实际工业原料中的催化剂性能，开发了工业催化剂（颗粒催化剂）制备方法，评估了工业催化剂，并对该过程进行了建模。除了开发商业二氧化碳转化技术外，研究工作还将为加拿大提供培训反应工程、催化剂开发和温室气体排放控制领域高素质人才的机会。

Carbon dioxide is the main component of greenhouse gases (GHG), of which the emission has climbed a historically-highest record and resulted in global warming and thus, more frequent extreme and damaging climate activities due to the massive exploitation and utilization of fossil fuels by human being. To ban this deleterious impact on our environment, one has been developing carbon dioxide sequestration technologies including geological storage, deep-sea storage and chemical conversion, in order to reduce and finally eliminate carbon dioxide emission to the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide reforming of methane and other light hydrocarbons, also known as dry reforming, converts carbon dioxide into synthesis gas from which a number of commodity chemicals and products are synthesized, forming one of the chemical utilization routes of carbon dioxide. However, the obstacle that prevents its commercialization is the lack of an industrially-satisfactory catalyst for dry reforming. To remove this obstacle, the strategy that Dr. Hui Wang at University of Saskatchewan uses is to first develop laboratory scale, highly active, ultra stable and well selective catalysts, to evaluate the acceptable catalyst under actual feedstock or simulated actual feedstock containing possible contaminants, to make industrial shaped catalyst, to study catalyst performance including mass transfer and heat transfer in larger scale, and to model the process for further scaling up. Thanks to the support from NSERC's Discovery grant, Dr. Wang and his students have successfully developed a composite catalyst that has undergone 2000 h life test and shown high activity and selectivity but no significant deactivation. Following this success, this project, also supported by NESERC's Dicovery grant, studies the catalyst performance in actual industrial feedstock, develops methods of industrial catalyst (pellet catalyst) preparation, evaluates the industrial catalyst, and models the process. In addition to the development of a commercial carbon dioxide conversion technology, the research work will provide opportunities of training high quality personnel in the areas of reaction engineering, catalyst development and GHG emission control for Canada.