The many-body physics of nuclei, cold atoms, neutron stars and supernovae

原子核、冷原子、中子星和超新星的多体物理学

• 批准号: 327388-2009
• 负责人: Schwenk, Achim
• 金额: $ 4.15万
• 依托单位: TRIUMF
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Subatomic Physics Envelope - Individual
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2009-01-01 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=428815
• 关键词: many; body; physics; nuclei; cold

My research focuses on understanding and predicting the properties of strongly-interacting matter in the laboratory and the cosmos based on strong interactions between neutrons and protons. The physics of strong interactions spans from new structures in neutron-rich nuclei, universal properties in ultracold atoms and low-density neutron matter, to the extremes reached in supernovae and neutron stars. One of our highlights is the application of a powerful method, called the renormalizaton group, to nuclear interactions. This leads to universal low-momentum interactions that show great promise in few- and many-body calculations and set new frontiers with a unified description of light to heavy nuclei and matter in astrophysics. We will develop the renormalization group for three-nucleon interactions. The proposed research will test low-momentum interactions in nuclear systems on earth and in stars, using powerful many-body methods and developing new ones. My research is strongly connected to and exploits synergies with the experimental ISAC program. One milestone will be the very first calculation with microscopic three-nucleon interactions in medium-mass nuclei, and we will systematically investigate their impact on the evolution to neutron-rich nuclei and the location of the neutron drip line. Our nuclear matter results motivate a program to derive a universal nuclear energy density functional from low-momentum interactions, with first applications to superfluid gaps. We will apply the developments for neutron-rich nuclei and nuclear matter to astrophysics: to the nuclear equation of state for core-collapse supernovae and neutron-star structure/mergers; to light nuclei and neutrino interactions near the neutrinosphere (surface of last neutrino scattering); and to develop a unified approach and improved neutrino physics input for simulations. An important interdisciplinary part is my research on universal properties of Fermi gases with resonant interactions. This can be studied with ultracold atoms, and provides constraints and novel insights to nuclear systems. We will explore the properties of strongly-interacting spin-polarized Fermi gases and novel three-body physics in three-spin-state mixtures.

我的研究重点是理解和预测强相互作用物质在实验室和宇宙中的性质，基于中子和质子之间的强相互作用。强相互作用的物理学涵盖了从富中子核的新结构，超冷原子和低密度中子物质的普遍性质，到超新星和中子星的极端情况。我们的亮点之一是一个强大的方法，称为重整化群，核相互作用的应用。这导致了普遍的低动量相互作用，在少体和多体计算中显示出巨大的希望，并在天体物理学中建立了新的边界，统一描述了轻到重的原子核和物质。我们将发展三核子相互作用的重整化群。拟议中的研究将测试地球和恒星核系统中的低动量相互作用，使用强大的多体方法并开发新方法。我的研究与实验性ISAC计划密切相关，并利用其协同作用。一个里程碑将是第一次计算中质量核中的微观三核子相互作用，我们将系统地研究它们对富中子核演化和中子滴线位置的影响。我们的核物质的结果激励一个程序，以获得一个普遍的核能密度功能从低动量相互作用，第一次应用到超流间隙。我们将把富中子核和核物质的发展应用于天体物理学：核心坍缩超新星和中子星结构/合并的核状态方程;中微子球附近的轻核和中微子相互作用（最后中微子散射的表面）;并开发一种统一的方法和改进的中微子物理输入模拟。一个重要的跨学科部分是我的研究费米气体的普遍性质与共振相互作用。这可以用超冷原子来研究，并为核系统提供约束和新的见解。我们将探索强相互作用的自旋极化费米气体的性质和三自旋态混合物中的新三体物理。